Remote sensing data were utilized to assess urban land cover and its thermal characteristics through mapping sub-pixel impervious surfaces and assessing thermal infrared images. Landsat imagery was used to calculate variation in urban imperviousness from 1995 to 2002 in the Tampa Bay watershed, Florida. The urban-rural boundary and urban development density were defined by selecting certain imp...

Land surface temperature (LST) is an important parameter to study in urban climate. The understanding of the influence of biophysical factors could improve the establishment of modeling urban thermal landscape. It is well established that climate hold a great influence on the urban landscape. However, it has been recognize that climate has a low priority in urban planning process, due to the co...

Over the 20th century, urbanization has substantially shaped the surface of Earth. With population rapidly shifting from rural locations towards the cities, urban areas have dramatically expanded on a global scale and represent crystallization points of social, cultural and economic assets and activities. This trend is estimated to persist for the next decades, and particularly the developing c...

Urban morphology, including buildings’ typology and their configuration, affects sky view factor and insolation, which are two of the most influential parameters in urban microclimate. These become even more important in extreme environmental conditions. In this research, challenge was to generate various rule based urban morphologies in a parametric environment. Then, to evaluate them based on...

Climate-urban form research tends to identify vernacular (traditional) forms as a successful combination of architecture, urban design and climate. This theory, which draws a parallel between climate and adaptive urban form, is supported by the accepted common belief that harsh climates, such as hot-arid ones, confront those who live in them with unique challenges. These challenges are answered...

Long-term urban and rural climate data spanning January 1995 through October 2013 were analyzed to investigate the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect in a representative mid-sized city of the central US. Locally distributed climate data were also collected at nested low density urban, recently developed, and high density urban monitoring sites from June through September 2013 to improve mechanistic...

Urbanization has profound effects on climate. The materials and morphology of the urban surface, along with emissions from domestic, commercial and transport activities, result in changes in local climate often greater in magnitude than projected globalscale climate change. Cities are commonly 2-3 °C warmer than their surrounding environments, with the greatest differences at night and in winte...

Facing the concern of the population to its environment and to climatic change, city planners are now considering the urban climate in their choices of planning. The use of climatic maps, such Urban Climate Zone‑UCZ, is adapted for this kind of application. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate that the UCZ classification, integrated in the World Meteorological Organization guidelines, ...

abstract urban expansion, pollution augmentation, and extention of major industrial activities in metropolitan areas impacted local climates of major cities. transforming big cities into heat islands is one of the most prominent results of such a micro-climate change. in this study, variation of precipitation, temperature and some other important climatic parameters including relative humidity,...

It is not easy to imagine how the existing city can be converted to the principles of sustainability, however, the need for innovation, requires a pioneering phase which must address the main problems of rehabilitation of the operating models of the city. Today, however, there is a growing awareness that the identification and implementation of policies and measures to promote the adaptation, r...