PURPOSE We quantified the physiological variability of clinical and pressure-flow study variables in patients with symptomatic benign prostatic enlargement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Symptom scores were measured, and advanced urodynamic studies with pressure-flow analysis were performed in 178 patients before and 6 months after a period a watchful waiting. RESULTS Patients without bladder outle...

Persistent patent urachus with other accompanying anomalies like urethral obstruction and uroperitoniumquickly deteriorates animal conditions which necessitate prompt surgical intervention and animal salvage. A10-day-old calf was referred to clinic with mildly distended abdomen, history of umbilical dribbling and nosigns of normal urination since birth. On clinical laboratory results and ancill...

Background: The management of cats with urethral obstruction does not end in the clinic. Unless underlying cause is addressed, this problem likely to recur and requires a multimodal approach that includes behavioural assessment evaluation cat's home environment. Aim article: This final article three-part series on cats. focuses prevent recurrent obstruction, addressing feline idiopathic cystiti...

a 4-day-old holstein bull calf with considerable oedema of the belly (water belly) was referred to theveterinary teaching hospital of the school of veterinary medicine, shiraz university. the owner did notobserve any urination since birth. rupture of the urethra was suspected. perineal urethrotomy was performed. subsequently, catheterization of urethra revealed the obstruction near the external...

Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is a complex patient condition caused by many factors. This case the reason why pet owners always need veterinary assistance. Cats with disorders show almost similar symptoms such as pollakiuria, hematuria, stranguria, urethral obstruction, and even urination outside litter box. Urethral obstruction common complication in cases of FUS, which often occu...

INTRODUCTION The aims of this review are one, to consider that congenital urethral anomalies are not a simple disease entity in all patients. This is accomplished by reviewing the evidence for presence of posterior urethral valve subtypes and comorbidity of various unexplained clinical conditions in some children leading to chronic renal failure. The review's second aim is to describe the effec...

BACKGROUND Urethral stent placement is an interventional treatment option to alleviate urethral outflow obstruction. It has been described utilizing fluoroscopy, but fluoroscopy is not as readily available in private practice as digital radiography. OBJECTIVES To describe the use of digital radiography for urethral stent placement in dogs with obstructive uropathy. ANIMALS Twenty-six client...

Feline lower urinary tract diseases are known to be life threatening conditions in cats, especially when they occur as obstructive diseases in males. Early diagnosis and treatment is necessary, otherwise it may lead to death. A 3-year-old male Persian cat was referred to the clinic with a history of anuria, lethargy, loss of appetite and exploratory cystotomy 6 months ago due to urethral obstru...

Numerous cases of congenital obstruction of the urethra are reported in the literature. The more frequent causes are posterior urethral valves, urethral bar, hypertrophy of the verumontanum, and contracture of the internal sphincter (Thompson, 1942; Fagerstrom, 1937). Less common defects include diverticulum and atresia of the urethra, and cysts of the urethral glands. The following is a rare c...

The measurement of detrusor pressure and flow rate during voiding is the only way to objectively measure or grade infravesical obstruction. The resulting data cannot be interpreted easily. Manual as well as automatic methods have been introduced to derive one or several factors or parameters to quantify urethral resistance. A number of these methods are described in this overview. Since automat...