SUMMARY Antenatal ultrasonography has an important rule in diagnosis of congenital malformation. At present identification of most major congenital abnormality during pregnancy depends on . sensitivity and resolution of the instrument, skilful and experienced sonologist and gestational age. Cranial and spinal defects and other malformations can be ferquently diagnosed with ultrasound. Major a...

In the 1920’s, Ritt studied the operation of functional composition g ◦ h(x) = g(h(x)) on complex rational functions. In the case of polynomials, he described all the ways in which a polynomial can have multiple ‘prime factorizations’ with respect to this operation. Despite significant effort by Ritt and others, little progress has been made towards solving the analogous problem for rational fu...

BACKGROUND Cloacal malformation is a spectrum of diseases affecting females, resulting in abnormal confluence of the urinary system, genital system, and/or gastrointestinal system. Proper reconstruction depends mainly on accurate preoperative illustration of the abnormal anatomy. Among the various modalities to delineate the urogenital sinus and the distances to confluence, lies the radiologica...

The possible adverse health effects associated with the residence in the neighbourhood of toxic dump sites have been the object of many epidemiological studies in the last two decades;some of these reported increases of various health outcomes. The present study reports the cluster analysis of mortality and malformations at municipality level, standardized by socioeconomic deprivation index, in...

Aim. To identify dysmorphic features and cardiac, skeletal, and urogenital anomalies in patients with congenital hypothyroidism. Patients and Methods. Seventeen children with congenital primary hypothyroidism were recruited. Cause for congenital hypothyroidism was established using ultrasound of thyroid and (99m)Tc radionuclide thyroid scintigraphy. Malformations were identified by clinical exa...

BACKGROUND Exposure to xenoestrogens during pregnancy may disturb the development and function of male sexual organs. OBJECTIVE In this study we aimed to determine whether the combined effect of environmental estrogens measured as total effective xenoestrogen burden (TEXB) is a risk factor for male urogenital malformations. METHODS In a case-control study, nested in a mother-child cohort (n...

Solid pseudopapillary tumor (SPT) of the pancreas is a rare pancreatic tumor with low malignant potential. It occurs characteristically more often in young women. SPT associated with extra- and pancreatic anomalies are occasionally reported. Here we report a case of pancreatic SPT with concomitant urogenital malformations including solitary kidney and uterus didelphys in a 25-year-old woman. Th...

ECR 2004 – Categorical Course “Pediatric Radiology” Abstract Congenital anomalies of the female genital tract result from müllerian duct anomalies and/or abnormalities of the urogenital sinus or cloaca. Due to the close developmental relationship between the genital and the urinary tracts, association of anomalies in both systems are common. This article reviews the appearance of developmental ...

Anorectal malformations (ARM) are associated with a myriad of congenital anomalies. The prevalence rates of associated anomalies range from 20% to 80%, commonest being urogenital anomalies. Other important associations and syndromes include Down syndrome and VACTERL (vertebral, anorectal, cardiac, trachea-esophageal, renal, limb) anomalies [1]. ARM has rarely been described in association with ...