The National Immunization Survey (NIS) is a random-digit-dialed telephone survey used to monitor vaccination coverage among U.S. children aged 19-35 months. This report describes national, state, and selected local area vaccination coverage estimates for children born during January 2009-May 2011, based on results from the 2012 NIS. Healthy People 2020* objectives set childhood vaccination targ...

BACKGROUND Hospitalizations for rotavirus and acute gastroenteritis (AGE) have declined in the US with rotavirus vaccination, though biennial peaks in incidence in children aged less than 5 years occur. This pattern may be explained by lower rotavirus vaccination coverage in US children (59% to 73% from 2010-2015), resulting in accumulation of susceptible children over two successive birth coho...

Considering the circulation of Bordetella pertussis clinical strains among populations with high vaccination coverage, it is necessary to have a proper understanding of this bacterium causing whooping cough. Various techniques, which are available for studying B. pertussis, can facilitate a proper comparison between different populations. We genotypically analyzed a collection of two vaccine st...

OBJECTIVES To compare the measles vaccine coverage achieved through the routine vaccination program with that achieved during the 2002 supplemental immunization activity (SIA) at the national and provincial level, the percentage of previously unvaccinated children (zero-dose children) reached during the SIA, and the equity of measles vaccine coverage among children aged 9-23 months in Kenya. ...

Measles vaccination is estimated to have averted 13·8 million deaths between 2000 and 2012. Persisting heterogeneity in coverage is a major contributor to continued measles mortality, and a barrier to measles elimination and introduction of rubella-containing vaccine. Our objective is to identify determinants of inequities in coverage, and how vaccine delivery must change to achieve elimination...

BACKGROUND The measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine has been the focus of considerable adverse publicity in recent years. AIM To describe recent trends in parental attitudes to, and coverage of, MMR vaccine. DESIGN OF STUDY Routine surveillance of vaccine coverage and cross-sectional surveys of parental attitudes. SETTING All health authorities in England (vaccine coverage) and 132 en...

In 1974, the World Health Organization (WHO) established the Expanded Program on Immunization to ensure that all children have access to routinely recommended vaccines. Since then, global coverage with the four core vaccines (Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine [for protection against tuberculosis], diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine [DTP], polio vaccine, and measles vaccine) has increased from <...

BACKGROUND The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice of Thailand prioritizes seasonal influenza vaccinations for populations who are at highest risk for serious complications (pregnant women, children 6 months-2 years, persons ≥65 years, persons with chronic diseases, obese persons), and healthcare personnel and poultry cullers. The Thailand government purchases seasonal influenza vaccine...

BACKGROUND The number of cases of paralytic poliomyelitis has declined in Nigeria since the introduction of newly licensed monovalent oral poliovirus vaccines and new techniques of vaccine delivery. Understanding the relative contribution of these vaccines and the improved coverage to the decline in incident cases is essential for future planning. METHODS We estimated the field efficacies of ...

INTRODUCTION Vaccines are very important to reduce morbidity and mortality by preventable infectious diseases, especially during childhood. Optimal coverage is not always achieved, for several reasons. Here we assessed vaccine coverage for the first 12 months of age in children between 12 and 59 months old, residing in the urban area of a small Amazonian city, and factors associated with incomp...