A perforating vein can become incompetent due to hemodynamic or morphologic causes. Until recently all perforating veins with a diameter exceeding 3 mm at ultrasound exam were considered incontinent(1). Since introduction of duplex doppler and color doppler investigations this hypothesis was temperated because the dilatation of one or more perforating veins was usually observed in chronic venou...

was again determined. The effect of the increase in left ventricle volume load on diastolic closure rate was examined. The effect of surgical correction was studied and the preand postoperative values compared with each other and with the values for diastolic closure rate found in the normal subjects. The diastolic closure rate was increased in all the patients before operation, the increase wa...

background: one of the most important heart diseases in dogs is valvular insufficiency, which can be evaluated by diagnosis ways such as phonocardiography, echocardiography, etc. objective: the purpose of the current study was to evaluate of valvular insufficiencies with phonocardiography and echocardiography and using phonocardiography technique in detection of cardiac valvular disease in prac...

Background: Pulmonary complications following valvular heart surgery are common and contribute to increased duration of hospital stay, rate of morbidity, and mortality. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the response of maximum inspiratory pressure and functional capacity to Positive End-Expiratory Pressure device in patients who underwent valvular hea...

Aim: Urinary reflux is a probable reason of nephrolithiasis among children. This study aimed to assess the relationship between urinary reflux and other reason of stone formation in children.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out with 199 children diagnosed with nephrolithiasis using ultrasonography. They were hospitalized in a referral children hospital in an urban area of in Iran...

doppler echocardiography (de) is known to be a valuable tool for detecting subclinical forms of valvular regurgitation (vrj in theacutephase of rheumatic fever (rf). previous studies have mostly dealt with the acute phase problem with only short-term follow-up. in this study, 24 children between 4-15 years of age (mean age ii.x±2.7 years) with rf without clinically diagnosed carditis (most with...

urinary tract infection is a common pediatric problem and vesicoureteral reflux is its most common complication. detection of this reflux has classically been achieved by voiding cystouretrography (vcug). ultrasonography for evaluation of vesicoureteral reflux is shown to be feasible but is not widely accepted. our aim was to assess the value of routine sonography in detecting vesicoureteral re...

Background: Vesicoureteral reflux (urinary reflux) is one of the most common congenital anomalies in children. This study aimed to compare the ureteral opening distance from the midline in children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and healthy children Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on the children with pyelonephritis who were referred to Afzalipour Hospital in Kerman, Iran f...