Staphylococcus spp. are the important bacterial agents of subclinical and clinical mastitis cases. This study was aimed to determine vancomycin resistances, antibacterial resistance profiles, some virulence genes, pheno- genotyping staphylococci from mastitis. For this aim, 121 staphylococcal isolates were analyzed. The identifications confirmed with PCR for being aureus. antibiotic patterns de...

We report on the cloning and sequencing of the vanA gene cluster present in the glycopeptide-resistant clinical isolate Bacillus circulans VR0709 (R. Fontana, M. Ligozzi, C. Pedrotti, E. M. Padovani, and G. Cornaglia, Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 16:473-474, 1997). The presence of a vanA-related gene in VR0709 was demonstrated in a PCR assay which permitted the specific amplification o...

VanD type Enterococcus faecium 10/96A is constitutively resistant to vancomycin and to low levels of teicoplanin by nearly exclusive synthesis of peptidoglycan precursors terminating in D-alanyl-D-lactate (L. M. Dalla Costa, P. E. Reynolds, H. A. Souza, D. C. Souza, M. F. Palepou, and N. Woodford, Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:3444-3446, 2000). A G(184)S mutation adjacent to the serine invol...

OBJECTIVES Four Enterococcus gallinarum isolates, all highly resistant to vancomycin, were studied in order to investigate their relationship and to gain insight into the molecular events responsible for their acquired resistance. METHODS Extensive molecular analysis was performed to compare the four E. gallinarum isolates and their Tn1546-like elements. RESULTS The four strains had very si...

Glycopeptide resistance has been studied in detail in enterococci and staphylococci. In these microorganisms, high-level resistance is achieved by replacing the C-terminal D-alanyl-D-alanine of the nascent peptidoglycan with D-alanyl-D-lactate or D-alanyl-D-serine, thus reducing the affinities of glycopeptides for cell wall targets. Reorganization of the cell wall is directed by the expression ...

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) is an emerging minimally invasive technique in benign gynaecologic whereby surgical access to the peritoneal cavity achieved through orifices, namely a vaginal colpotomy. Experience repeat vNOTES cases limited and so far, have not been described literature. The purpose of this stud...

Resistance to glycopeptide antibiotics in enterococci is mediated most frequently by the vanA gene cluster, which is found in both humans and animals (1, 8). This vanA gene cluster is carried on transposon Tn1546 or by closely related elements that contain vanR, vanS, vanH, vanA, vanX, and vanZ (1). Detailed molecular analyses of Tn1546-like elements in enterococcal isolates have revealed the p...

The genes encoding the VanA type of vancomycin resistance in enterococci are located on elements related to Tn1546 (1). Heterogeneity of Tn1546 in Enterococcus faecium has been previously reported (3, 4, 6, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16) and includes deletions, insertions, and mutations. In this study, Tn1546 elements from 43 vanA-containing isolates of different enterococcal species with diverse pulse...