We surveyed nucleotide variation at vermilion in population samples of Drosophila melanogaster from Africa, Asia and the Americas to test the hypothesis that the vermilion gene was a target of balancing selection and to improve our understanding of geographic differentiation. Patterns of polymorphism and divergence showed no evidence for non-neutral evolution. However, the frequency spectrum of...

Understanding the complex nature of direct and indirect species interactions is a critical precursor to successful resource management. In the northern Gulf of Mexico fisheries ecosystem, red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) and vermilion snapper (Rhomboplites aurorubens) are two commercially harvested species within a larger reef fish complex. These two species share similar habitats and diets; ...

Squamous cell carcinoma and its histologic variants account for over 90% of all malignancies of the oral cavity. Early squamous cell carcinoma often presents as a white lesion (leukoplakia), red lesion (erythroplakia), or a combination of both (erythroleukoplakia). 1,2,3,4 However, with time, superficial ulceration of the mucosal surface may develop. As the lesion grows, it may become an exophy...

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a parasitic infection prevalent in many areas. The parasitic agent is usually transmitted by Phlebotomous sp. Lip leishmaniasis is a type of cutaneous leishmaniasis, which has rarely been reported. In a retrospective study performed in Ahwaz, center of Khuzestan province, southwest of Iran, 2861 patients were detected during 1986-1996. Seventeen of these patient...

HE development of vermilion eye color in mosaics of D. simulans is T not always autonomous (STURTEVANT 1932). By transplantation experiments BEADLE and EPHRUSSI (1936) have shown that the vermilion and cinnabar eye colors of D. melanogaster are not autonomous in development. Vermilion and cinnabar late larval eye discs develop the wild type pigment when transplanted to late wild type larvae. Ve...

Resection of buccal mucosa tumors may occasionally involve the labial angle and peripheral skin. Reconstruction is required when the resection involves more than one-third of the lip. We describe a single-stage reconstruction using a facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap and a vermilion advancement flap after buccal mucosa resection including the labial angle. A 62-year-old woman with carcin...

In unilateral cleft lip repair, the vermilion triangular flap technique reported by Noordhoff1 and its modification are widely accepted for the augmentation of the vermilion height on the medial side of the cleft; however, these techniques do not focus on the deformity of the labial tubercle. In this article, we herein report a modified technique for vermilion repair that is focused on the labi...

An abandoned stream valley, here called Florence Valley, was found in eastern Erie County, Ohio. Florence Valley is about one mile long and connects the valleys of Chappel Creek and the Vermilion River. There is evidence that Florence Valley was formed as a result of the capture of a tributary of the Vermilion River by Chappel Creek. Chappel Creek, at the junction of Florence Valley and the val...