Flow and scour around a vertical cylinder exposed to current are investigated by using a three-dimensional numerical model based on incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The model incorporates (i) k-ω turbulence closure, (ii) vortex-shedding processes, (iii) sediment transport (both bed and suspended load), as well as (iv) bed morphology. The influence of vortex shedding and...

New analytic estimates of the rate at which parametric subharmonic instability (PSI) transfers energy to high-vertical-wavenumber near-inertial oscillations are presented. These results are obtained by a heuristic argument which provides insight into the physical mechanism of PSI, and also by a systematic application of the method of multiple time scales to the Boussinesq equations linearized a...

A passive pump consisting of integrated vertical capillaries has been developed for a microfluidic chip as an useful component with an excellent flow volume and flow rate. A fluidic chip built into a passive pump was used by connecting the bottoms of all the capillaries to a top surface consisting of a thin layer channel in the microfluidic chip where the thin layer channel depth was smaller th...

The design and fabrication process for a high performance manipulation stage for nanometer resolution TEM sample positioning over a 20 m range is presented. A two level, planar stage is moved in three translational and three rotational directions by just two types of actuators; three horizontal and three vertical combdrives. The vertical combdrives are suspended by optimally designed torsion-be...

Seasonal and spatial distributions of cadmium (Cd) and organic matter (OM) in sediment and suspended matter of the semi-enclosed Kaštela Bay (middle Adriatic Sea) were investigated at four stations during a one year period (April 2000 April 2001). Samples of surface sediment and suspended matter were collected monthly. One sediment core was sampled at every station at the beginning of the sampl...

Usually, vertical drains are widely used to improve land reclamation and construction of urban planning, transport road construction, agriculture. Vertical drainage systems that use pumped wells, open dug or tube wells. There calculation methods based on pumping curves the filtration equation hydraulic drainage. In proposed system, jet apparatus is in systems. Jet pumps designed such a way they...