Fungal wilt diseases are a threat to global food safety. Previous studies in perennial crops showed that xylem vessel diameter affects disease susceptibility. We tested the hypothesis that xylem vessel diameter impacts occlusion processes and pathogen compartmentalization in Vitis vinifera L. We studied the interaction between four grape commercial cultivars with the vascular wilt pathogen Phae...

Variation in xylem vessel diameter is one of the most important parameters when evaluating plant water relations. This review provides a synthesis of the ecophysiological implications of variation in lumen diameter together with a summary of our current understanding of vessel development and its endogenous regulation. We analyzed inter-specific variation of the mean hydraulic vessel diameter (...

1. Xylem vessel diameters represent an important plant hydraulic trait to ensure sufficient water supply from the roots to the leaves. The ability to adjust the hydraulic pathway to environmental cues is key in order to satisfy transpirational demands and maximize growth and survival. 2. We evaluated the variability of vessel diameters in trembling aspen in a reciprocal transplant experiment. W...

The proposed study will measure and characterize early retinal vessel changes in persons with diabetes and persons at high risk of diabetes (impaired fasting glucose [IFG], impaired glucose tolerance [IGT], and the metabolic syndrome) in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab), a population-based study of risk factors and complications of diabetes. Specifi c Aims of the s...

Methods In this prospective randomized trial, 258 patients with a coronary bifurcation lesion treated with drug-eluting stents were randomized to a conservative (n 128) or aggressive (n 130) SB intervention strategy. The criteria for SB intervention after main vessel stenting differed between the conservative and aggressive groups; Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow grade 3 versus diame...

To determine the reliability of geometric (edge-detection) quantitative coronary angiographic analysis (QCA) of restenosis within a new Cordis tantalum stent, QCA and intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) measurements were compared in both an experimental restenosis model and in the clinical follow-up of patients. In the experimental series, Plexiglas phantom vessels with concentric stenosis channels...

PURPOSE To establish an alternative method, sequential and diameter response analysis (SDRA), to determine dynamic retinal vessel responses and their time course in serial stimulation compared with the established method of averaged diameter responses and standard static assessment. METHODS SDRA focuses on individual time and diameter responses, taking into account the fluctuation in baseline...

In embolization procedures of the external carotid artery (ECA) system, it is ideal to selectively embolize only the involved feeding branch or branches. This usually requires superselective catheterization , which can be difficult. The catheter diameter may approximate vessel diameter closely enough to reduce flow. Vessel spasm may be generated by catheterization attempts. Spasm may lead to re...

BACKGROUND Vascular access is "the life line" for patients on chronic hemodialysis. The autogenous arteriovenous fistula provides the best access to the circulation because of low complication rate, long-term use, and lower cost, compared to arteriovenous graft and central venous catheter. The primary objective of this prospective study was to investigate the predictive value of vein diameter a...

Subjective estimates of the angiographic severity of coronary artery stenoses show variability and inaccuracy. We therefore tested the accuracy of a newly developed computerized image analysis system for quantitating vessel diameter from cineangiograms. Fourteen cylindrical phantoms of known diameter were filled with contrast medium and filmed over a wide range of clinically relevant radiograph...