Abstract Background Successful eradication of hepatitis C virus (HCV) has great impact on the prognosis HCV-related complications and associated mortality. The development new direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) revolutionized treatment HCV infection. core antigen (HCVcAg) is a recently developed marker that displayed good correlation with RNA assays. Our main objectives were to correlate betw...

INTRODUCTION BKV nephropathy (BKN) causes kidney graft loss, whose specific diagnosis is invasive and might be predicted by the early detection of active viral infection. OBJECTIVE Determine the BKV-infection prevalence in late kidney graft dysfunction by urinary decoy cell (DC) and viral DNA detection in urine (viruria) and blood (viremia; active infection). METHODS Kidney recipients with ...

BACKGROUND Although early monitoring of BK virus infection in renal transplant patients has led to improved outcomes over the past decade, it remains unclear whether monitoring for viremia is the best screening tool for BK virus nephropathy (BKVN). METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of the medical records of 368 renal transplant recipients who had a minimum of 18 months of posttransp...

In this issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Madec et al. [1] report that spontaneous and sustained clearance of HIV type 1 (henceforth, HIV) viremia (defined as repeated HIV RNA levels in plasma of !500 copies/mL) is not uncommon in persons recently infected with HIV. Undetectable viremia occurred in 4% and 6% of 426 individuals in the French SEROCO cohort within 1 and 2 years after infectio...

BACKGROUND Effective treatment of HIV since 1996 has reduced morbidity and mortality through virologic suppression. Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) has been recognized as key to the prevention of drug resistance and the transmission of infection. We used eighteen years of virologic outcomes in a long-standing cohort of women to describe longitudinal viral load trajectories; and examin...

Background BK virus (BKV) is the cause of nephropathy. Because BKV nephropathy can progress to graft loss, early diagnosis of BKV infection is very important. In this study, we aimed to investigate the utility of quantifying cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies (decoy cells) in urinary sediment for the screening and monitoring of BKV infection in renal transplant recipients at our hospital....

BACKGROUND The global burden of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and HIV co-infection is enormous. The risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer is associated with HBV DNA levels. The main objective of the study was to determine proportion of Hepatitis B viremia in ART-naïve and ART-experienced co-infected Ghanaian patients and factors associated with HBV viremia after at least 36 weeks of ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA testing can be performed using qualitative or quantitative assays, and it is still unclear which is more useful as a primary test in patients positive for anti-HCV. The present study evaluated the usefulness of anti-HCV signal-to-cutoff ratio (S/CO ratio) for predicting HCV RNA results. METHODS Patients on whom a qualitative HCV RNA test was perform...

BACKGROUND BK nephropathy is an evolving challenge among kidney transplant recipients. Diagnosis of BK nephropathy depends on the presence of BK viral inclusions on renal biopsy. Most cases of BK nephropathy are preceded by BK viremia or viruria. CASE REPORT We report a case of BK nephropathy found on protocol renal transplant biopsy without associated BK viremia or viruria. CONCLUSIONS BK ...

The present experimental results concern primarily the question, whether or not mosquitoes feeding on chickens having viremia, as a result of the bite of infected mites, can acquire the virus of St. Louis encephalitis and whether or not mosquitoes thus infected, can transmit the virus to chickens and hamsters. During the course of the investigation, 7 species of mosquitoes of 3 genera were infe...