results the mean kt/v was 1.27 ± 0.28 in high-flux and 1.10 ± 0.32 in low-flux membrane which, these differences were statistically significant (p = 0.017). the mean of urr was 0.65 ± 0.09 in high-flux and 0.61 ± 0.14 in low-flux membrane, which these differences were not statistically significant (p = 0.221). patients and methods forty hemodialysis patients participated in this cross-over clin...

virtual water adds a new dimension to crop trades and provides a new way of thinking about water scarcity. a systematic analysis of virtual water flows requires integration of all critical drivers of virtual water flows under a single consistent framework. the aim of this study was to assess virtual water flows related to trades of grain crops (wheat, corn, rice, and coarse cereals) and their i...

—Recent work in behavioral animation has taken impressive steps towards a virtual human. As for intelligent virtual agents, abbreviated " IVAs " , the behaviors displayed in virtual environments should be " reasoned ". It remains challenging, however, to endow virtual agents with cognitive ability to perform specific tasks. This paper addresses cognitive models and behavioral models for IVAs. F...

One of the most challenging applications for high brightness LEDs is in automotive headlights. Optical designs for a low or high beam headlights are plagued by the low flux and luminance of LEDs compared to HID or incandescent sources, by mechanical chip placement tolerances and by color and flux variations between different LEDs. Furthermore the creation of a sharp cutoff is very difficult wit...

Keep things simple when controlling bidirectional pulsewidth modulation rectifiers by considering the utility grid as a virtual electric machine. The advantage is that the air-gap flux of this big machine can be directly measured in a straightforward way. Therefore, as shown in this paper, principles of field orientation can be applied to control the power flow, yielding high-dynamic performance.

Stonitsch and Markowski perform multiple-Doppler radar analyses of a cold front over Oklahoma and Kansas. Despite their interesting results, their explanations include a number of misconceptions about cold fronts. These misconceptions include the proper interpretation of the frontogenesis function, the role of entrainment versus differential surface sensible heat flux toward weakening the virtu...

in recent years, virtual communities have been significantly popular and almost all of them are targeted for business profitability. in our study, the profitability of these communities for businesses has been analyzed from a commercial perspective. the study considers virtual community as a business model which can have a great impact on consumer purchase decision process. with respect to refe...

In the present paper a simple sensorless spccd estimation scheme is presented , where the speed information is obtained from the motor phase current ripple. The scheme measures the stator current phasor deviation direction to determine the back emf vector position during inverter zero vector switching states. This measurcment of rotor flux position is done indirectly by computing the motor back...