Background and Aims: A visual analogue score (VAS), based on application of a visual analogue scale, has been widely used to assess pruritus in clinical studies of patients with cholestatic liver disease. A VAS is a numerical score of the severity of the perception of pruritus, and, hence, is inherently subjective. The objective of this study was to assess the reliability of a VAS as an index o...

background: general anesthesia draw the most commonly used modalities for post cesarean delivery pain relief is systemic administration of opioids, while the administration of small dose of intrathecal opioid during spinal anesthesia can be a possible alternative. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of buprenorphine on cesarean section prescribed intrathecally. methods: in this do...

Study was conducted to assess the sensitivity and simplicity of various pain rating scales in patients of osteoarthritis with chronic pain so that most appropriate scale can be identified. Scales included were Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Faces Pain Scale- Revised (FPS-R), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Verbal Rating Scale (VRS). Patients were asked t...

  Background: Literature recommends that refractory cases with lumbar disc herniation and appropriate indications are better to be treated surgically, but do all the patients throughout the world consent to the surgery with a same disability and pain threshold? We aim to elucidate the prevalence and severity of disabilities and pain in Iranian patients with lumbar disc herniation who have conse...

Introduction: Rhinologists have to be aware of the excruciating pain exerted by nasal packs on its introduction and removal. Thus the validity of need for nasal packing following septoplasty is considered under study for its most painful symptom. Objective: To compare the degree of pain and discomfort in patients with quilting of nasal septum and nasal packing after septoplasty using visual ana...

We have devised a new scoring system using visual analogue scales (VAS) to determine the functional outcome in 15 patients with 20 displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures, confirmed by CT. The average follow-up was 19 months. A VAS was completed separately by the patient, the surgeon and an independent assessor. It showed satisfactory agreement between observers and strong correlations wi...