We have studied vortex-lattice dynamics as a function of driving force direction, in superconducting Nb films with periodic pinning arrays of magnetic dots. Square and rectangular symmetry arrays define channels that guide the vortex-lattice motion. We investigated the effect of the driving force direction on the commensurability between the vortex-lattice and dots array. We also studied the tr...

We report the observation of vortex pinning in rotating gaseous Bose-Einstein condensates. Vortices are pinned to columnar pinning sites created by a corotating optical lattice superimposed on the rotating Bose-Einstein condensates. We study the effects of two types of optical lattice: triangular and square. In both geometries we see an orientation locking between the vortex and the optical lat...

Numerical solutions of the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equations show a new mechanism for plastic motion of a driven vortex lattice in a clean superconductor. The mechanism, which involves the creation of a defect superstructure , is intrinsic to the moving vortex lattice and is independent of bulk pinning. Other structural features found in the solutions include a reorientation of the vorte...

Abrikosov’s solution of the linearized Ginzburg-Landau theory describing a periodic lattice of vortex lines in type-II superconductors at large inductions, is generalized to non-periodic vortex arrangements, e.g., to lattices with a vacancy surrounded by relaxing vortices and to periodically distorted lattices that are needed in the nonlocal theory of elasticity of the vortex lattice. Generaliz...

Superfluidity is a special state of matter exhibiting macroscopic quantum phenomena and acting like a fluid with zero viscosity. In such a state, superfluid vortices exist as phase singularities of the model equation with unique distributions. This paper presents novel techniques to aid the visual understanding of superfluid vortices based on the state-of-the-art non-linear Klein-Gordon equatio...

We discuss the feasibility of quantum Hall states of vortices in trapped low-density two-dimensional Bose gases with large particle interactions. For interaction strengths larger than a critical dimensionless 2D coupling constant gc ≈ 0.6, upon increasing the rotation frequency, the system is shown to spatially separate into vortex lattice and melted vortex lattice (vortex liquid) phases. At a ...

As a function of applied field, we find a rich variety of ordered and partially ordered vortex lattice configurations in systems with square or triangular arrays of pinning sites. We present formulas that predict the matching fields at which commensurate vortex configurations occur and the vortex lattice orientation with respect to the pinning lattice. Our results are in excellent agreement wit...

This paper reports a novel type of vortex lattice, referred to as a bubble crystal, which was discovered in rapidly rotating Bose gases with long-range interactions. Bubble crystals differ from vortex lattices which possess a single quantum flux per unit cell, while atoms in bubble crystals are clustered periodically and surrounded by vortices. No existing model is able to describe the vortex s...