BACKGROUND This study compared the pharmacodynamics of ceftobiprole and vancomycin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) using an in vitro model. METHODS Two methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), two community-associated (CA)-MRSA, one healthcare-associated (HA)-MRSA, three VISA and tw...

Infections with Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin continue to be reported, including 2 cases caused by S. aureus isolates with full resistance to vancomycin. This review first outlines the definitions of vancomycinintermediate S. aureus (VISA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) and risk factors for infection. Next, we describe the mechanisms of resistance an...

BACKGROUND This study assessed the pharmacodynamics of ceftaroline against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), heteroresistant (h) vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA), VISA and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) using an in vitro model. METHODS Two methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), one community-associated (CA)-MRSA, one healthcare-associated (HA)-MRSA, one hV...

A cross-sectional study was conducted on street-vended food randomly from different areas of Kathmandu Valley to assess the number viable bacteria in street food, distribution bacteria, antibiotics resistance profile isolated Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), and Vancomycin-Resistant (VRSA) valley. Altogether 339 isolates were identified one hundred eighty (180) samples. The average mean ...

The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined Vancomycin intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) and resistant (VRSA) as high priority pathogens. VISA VRSA are produced by different mechanisms, hence cannot convert to VRSA. Consequently, upon vancomycin treatment of VSSA isolates, there can be emergence but not its conversion But we observed that when (MIC ≤2 µg/mL) lacking vanA or vanB gen...

There are multiple approaches to sensitivity analysis used to identify the age(or stage-) specific rate of reproduction or survival that most affects population growth—all of which involve evaluating effects on k, the dominant eigenvalue of the Leslie matrix. Management recommendations generated by these approaches can be difficult to determine, in part because results are valid only for popula...

Objective(s) Staphylococcus aureus is a common cause of human infection, and emergence of vancomycin-resistance S. aureus  is a great concern for treatment of methicillin-resistant S. aureus,(MRSA) in recent years (MRSA). Here, we report the isolation of high-level VRSA. Materials and Methods S. aureus was isolated from foot ulcer of a diabetic woman in Tehran, Iran. Antibiotic susceptibilit...

Infections with Staphylococcus aureus with reduced susceptibility to vancomycin continue to be reported, including 2 cases caused by S. aureus isolates with full resistance to vancomycin. This review first outlines the definitions of vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) and risk factors for infection. Next, we describe the mechanisms of resistance a...

Staphylococcus aureus is most frequently isolated pathogen causing bloodstream infections, skin and soft tissue infections and pneumonia. Recently, S. aureus have evolved resistance to both synthetic and traditional antibiotics. This study was carried out to isolate pathogenic S. aureus from post-operative pus sample, and VRSA was identified by evaluation of resistance patterns using convention...

Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (VRSA) uses depsipeptide-containing modified cell-wall precursors for the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan. Transglycosylase is responsible for the polymerization of the peptidoglycan, and the penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) plays a major role in the polymerization among several transglycosylases of wild-type S. aureus. However, it is uncl...