Increased microbial drug resistance has generated a global requirement for new anti-infective agents. As part of an effort to develop new, low-molecular-mass peptide antibiotics, we used a rationale-based minimalist approach to design short, nonhemolytic, potent, and broad-spectrum antibiotic peptides with increased serum stability. These peptides were designed to attain an amphipathic structur...

The nucleotide sequences of variable segments (VS) 1, 2, and 4 for the major outer membrane protein gene (omp1) of Chlamydia trachomatis were determined for serologically defined subtypes D', I', and L2'. Asymmetric DNA amplification was used to produce single-stranded DNA for direct sequencing. Amino acid substitutions were detected in VS1, VS2, and VS4 for I', in VS2 for L2', and in VS4 for D...

This review chronicles the development of the plant binary vectors of Ti plasmid in Agrobacterium tumefaciens during the last 30 years. A binary vector strategy was designed in 1983 to separate the T-DNA region in a small plasmid from the virulence genes in avirulent T-DNA-less Ti plasmid. The small plant vectors with the T-DNA region have been simply now called binary Ti vectors. A binary Ti v...

1.1.8. In any vector space V , show that (a+ b)(x+y) = ax+ay+ bx+ by for any x, y ∈ V and any a, b ∈ F . Proof. Let x, y ∈ V and a, b ∈ F . Note that (a + b) ∈ F (it is a scalar). By (VS7 ), we have that (a + b)(x + y) = (a + b)x + (a + b)y. By (VS8 ), (a + b)x = ax + bx. Likewise, (a + b)y = ay + by. Thus, (a+ b)x+ (a+ b)y = ax+ bx+ ay + by. Finally, by (VS1 ), we have (a+ b)(x+ y) = ax+ ay + ...

Anand Marthanda Pillai1,2, Shaffi Fazaludeen Koya1,3*, Mini GK1, Jinbert A Lordson1, Grace Chitra1, Minu Abraham1, Vinod VG Kumar1, Sandhya Bijumone1, Bindhya Vijayan1, Deepu KV1, Krishna SH1, Soji D Jose1, Rinsa Vaheed1, Revu J1, Archana K1, Salman R Khan1, Sunitha SB1, Greeshma Shringa Sivanand1, Kapila VS1, Nissy VL1, Amrutha B1, Mithun TK1, Anjana VM1, Wilson1, Lal Sreemathy Sadasivan1, Kes...

Although patch pipettes were initially designed to record extracellularly the elementary current events from muscle and neuron membranes, the whole-cell and loose cell-attached recording configurations proved to be useful tools for examination of signalling within and between nerve cells. In this Paton Prize Lecture, I will initially summarize work on electrical signalling within single neurons...