Zymosan activates phagocytes through the innate immune system and causes inflammatory responses in animals. Because of the complexity of the active substances included in Zymosan preparations, simplifying the active moiety actually responsible for innate immune recognition is needed. One way to remove possible active substances from commercially available Zymosan preparations is to wash then wi...

The synthesis of aluminophosphates is investigated using a number of triptycene-based organic structure-directing agents (OSDA). These OSDAs are designed to synthesize extra-large pore and/or large cavity-containing molecular sieves. Starting from the hydrophobic triptycene molecule, OSDAs are prepared by introducing three amine-based centers that can be charged either by protonation in the aci...

Although detergents are often essential in protocols, they are usually incompatible with further biochemical analysis. There are several methods for detergent removal, but the procedures are complicated or suffer from sample loss. Here, we describe a convenient and rapid method for detergent removal from sialic acid-containing glycosphingolipids (gangliosides) and neutral glycolipids in deterge...

In order to obtain a highly concentrated, pure and super-hot [ƒÁ-32P]ATP, we improved the purification method of super-hot [ƒÁ-32P]ATP which was synthesized by the method of Johnson and Walseth (1979). The super-hot [ƒÁ-32P]ATP was synthesized in a relatively large volume (2 ml) of reaction mixture and purified using semi-micro scale anion exchange chromatography (Dowex 1•~2, 60-70ƒÊl column vo...

A simple solid-phase extraction (SPE) method for the determination of sulforaphane in broccoli has been developed. The optimal conditions were found to be use of a silica SPE cartridge, and ethyl acetate and dichloromethane as washing and eluting solvents, respectively, which could eliminate interferences originating from the broccoli matrix. The extracts were sufficiently clean to be directly ...

As the use of fabrics containing spandex for apparel applications is expanding, developing eco-friendly technologies to recycle the industrial as well as post-consumer waste for spandex blended fabrics becomes increasingly important. As is known in the industry and demonstrated in this study, spandex may be removed from blended fabrics by dissolving it in solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide,...

The glycerol desorption from the ion exchange and adsorbent resin Purolite PD206 was studied using conventional and supercritical fluids techniques. Untreated biodiesel was purified by dry washing using the resin and, after purification, the glycerol desorption was carry out using three diferent solvents: absolute ethanol under atmospheric conditions at different mass flows (10 and 30 g/min), o...

GeTe octahedra were prepared by reaction of equimolar amounts of GeCl2·dioxane and Te(SiEt3)2 in oleylamine, whereas a slight excess of the Te precursor yielded GeTe octahedra decorated with elemental Te nanowires, which can be removed by washing with TOP. The mechanism of the GeTe formation is strongly influenced by the solvent. The expected elimination of Et3SiCl (dehalosilylation) only occur...

A high-throughput sample preparation protocol based on the use of 96-well molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) filter plates was developed for shotgun proteomics of cell lysates. All sample preparation steps, including cell lysis, buffer exchange, protein denaturation, reduction, alkylation and proteolytic digestion are performed in a 96-well plate format, making the platform extremely well suited fo...

The increasing amount of residual waste presents several opportunities to use biomass as a renewable energy source. Agricultural is raw material with high ash content, which can be problem in any form conversion. To obtain better quality biofuel, excess mineral matter must removed. Demineralization simple mixing and washing various liquids reduce content. Water, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid n...