During the past decades, the high cost of conventional treatment processes has produced much economic pressure and they are not as natural methods as we expected. Thus, engineers begin to search for some creative, cost effective, and environmentally sound ways to treat wastewaters. Constructed wetland is a man made system which provides us many benefits and it is a very attractive way for many ...

Wastewaters from chemical fertilizer industry mainly contain organics, alcohols, ammonia, nitrates, phosphorous, heavy metals such as cadmium and suspended solids. The nature of effluent streams varies in terms of its constituents and complexity. The present work attempts to fill the void in the literature that mostly reports synthetic wastewater treatment studies; by evaluating effluent treatm...

Generally, trace precious metals remaining in wastewaters generated from the refining process of precious metals are not recovered, due to a relatively high processing cost as well as various technical problems. Recovery of precious metals from wastewaters is very important for the conservation of resources and the protection of environment. However, wastewaters containing a large amount of amm...

The use of ammonia (NH3) rich wastewaters as an ecological chemical absorption solvent for the selective extraction of carbon dioxide (CO2) during biogas upgrading to 'biomethane' has been studied. Aqueous ammonia absorbents of up to 10,000 gNH3 m(-3) demonstrated CO2 absorption rates higher than recorded in the literature for packed columns using 20,000-80,000 g NH3 m(-3) which can be ascribed...

Wastewaters discharged by several industrial activities, such as synthetic fibers, mineral processing, fertilizers, metal finishing, and ammunitions and explosives industries, have an high-salinity content and are characterized by a very high concentration of nitrates (more than 3 g/L). The treatment of these wastewaters generally deals in an anoxic biological process performed in activated slu...

ÐMicrobial pathogens are one of the major health risks associated with water and wastewaters. Current methods for the detection of pathogenic viruses, bacteria, protozoa and helminths tend to be inaccurate, time consuming and expensive. As a result, indicator bacteria are commonly used to determine the relative risk of faecal contamination and the possible presence of pathogens in water and was...

oily wastewaters from oil refineries and oil distribution centers are one of the most important environmental concerns in recent decades; therefore, it is critical to treat these types of wastewaters. in this study, the performance of different polyethersulfone hollow fiber membranes in oily wastewaters treatment was investigated and the effects of operating conditions such as transmembrane pre...

biological removal of lead was observed in this study during treatment of synthetic solutions of this heavy metal by a sample of waste activated sludge (was) having mlss concentration of 10000 mg/l. the objective was determining the capability of was in removal of lead in three different conditions of treatment: without any aeration and feeding, by simultaneous aeration and feeding and by aerat...

The impact of effluent wastewaters from four different hospitals: a university (1456 beds), a general (350 beds), a pediatric (110 beds) and a maternity hospital (96 beds), which are conveyed to the same wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), was evaluated in the receiving urban wastewaters. The occurrence of 78 pharmaceuticals belonging to several therapeutic classes was assessed in hospital efflu...

Over ten million tonnes of solid residues are generated yearly from coffee agro-industry worldwide, along with larger amounts of wastewaters and cultivation residues. Both wastewaters and solid residues, such as defective coffee beans and spent coffee grounds, along with coffee husks (pulp and mucilage) that constitute around 60% of the wet weight of the fresh fruit, represent a relevant source...