Suspension-feeding activities of oysters impart a potentially significant benefit to estuarine ecosystems via reduction of water column nutrients, plankton and seston biomass, and primary productivity which can have a significant impact on human well-being. This study considered nitrogen regulation by eastern oysters Crassostrea virginica in the Mission-Aransas Estuary, Texas, USA, as a functio...

We describe an improved method for dating buried paleosols using measurements of the cosmic-ray-produced radionuclides Be and Al in quartz grains, and apply it to a sequence of intercalated tills and paleosols in central Missouri, USA, that record Plio-Pleistocene advances of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. A buried paleosol implies a period of surface exposure and nuclide accumulation, followed by b...

At Chalcatzingo, Mexico, an early regional center, the common location for burials was under house floors, but some high-status burials occurred in more open spaces. These latter were also residential burials, interred within the landed domain of social units. Although both “inside” and “outside” burials drew on claims of ancestral continuity, it is important to explore the differences they ent...

This work supports mine burial prediction by the US Navy by transitioning the capabilities provided by state-of-the-art, high-resolution process models to Naval operations. These models are synthesized by a statistical prediction tool (the Mine Burial Expert System—MBESM), which relates uncertainty in model input to uncertainty in the predicted mine burial. This work will produce more detailed ...

Snow affects the nutritional ecology of northern ungulates during winter through burial of important winter forages. We used nonlinear regression analyses to model snow-burial dynamics of blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) browse biomass, a key winter food item of Sitka black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus sitchensis) in southeastern Alaska, USA. During November 2003–March 2004 we collected data from...

Previous retrospective studies report a core body temperature cooling rate of 3 degrees C/h during avalanche burial. Hypercapnia occurs during avalanche burial secondary to rebreathing expired air, and the effect of hypercapnia on hypothermia during avalanche burial is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine the core temperature cooling rate during snow burial under normocapnic an...

The carbon burial in vegetated sediments, ignored in past assessments of carbon burial in the ocean, was evaluated using a bottom-up approach derived from upscaling a compilation of published individual estimates of carbon burial in vegetated habitats (seagrass meadows, salt marshes and mangrove forests) to the global level and a top-down approach derived from considerations of global sediment ...

Nitrogen (N) uptake in streams is an important ecosystem service that reduces nutrient loading to downstream ecosystems. Here we synthesize studies that investigated the effects of urban stream burial on N-uptake in two metropolitan areas and use simulation modeling to scale our measurements to the broader watershed scale. We report that nitrate travels on average 18 times farther downstream in...

the effects of environmental factors on germination and emergence of hoary cress seeds were examined in laboratory and field experiments. germinability of hoary cress under light/dark conditions (90%) was significantly higher than when seeds were incubated under continuous dark (78%). hoary cress could germinate in a broad range of temperatures (15/6, 20/10, 25/15, 30/15, and 35/20?c). the germ...