This paper uses an unusual month-long blackout in Zanzibar, Tanzania, to measure the effect of electricity on labor and health. Relying on special purpose household surveys I find that the power cut caused a large decline in household income among those employed in occupations that require the use of electricity. Workers relying on artificial lighting reduced work hours by an average of 8%, or ...

p R E V I O U S studies of positive g (headward acceleration) 'have concerned, principally, exposure of the seated subject to forces generally limited to a few seconds in du,ration. Beyond this limit in time there is an area of acceleration tolerance remaining virtually unexplored, particularly that area involving accelerations of sub-blackout magnitude. The forces encountered in existing high ...

We consider the risk of cascading failure of electric power transmission systems as overall loading is increased. There is evidence from both abstract and power systems models of cascading failure that there is a critical loading at which the risk of cascading failure sharply increases. Moreover, as expected in a phase transition, at the critical loading there is a power tail in the probability...

The Internet is one of the important infrastructures in our daily life, and its highly distributed and autonomous natures have been said to be robust against failures. This paper reports an impact of an unexpectedly large earthquake (M9.0) hit to the northern part of Japan at 14:46:18 on 11th March (UTC+9), 2011(the East Japan Earthquake) [2] on a nationwide research and education network (SINE...

Cartesian routing is a fast packet routing mechanism intended for geographic addresses and can effectively accelerate the packet routing process within a local or metropolitan environment. The wide area Cartesian routing described in this paper is an extension of the Cartesian routing algorithms designed to make the exchange of internetwork packets between geographical regions possible. It also...

In this short paper we describe a Wide Area Audio Synchronisation demonstration using the Quality of Service (QoS) facilities of the Nemesis operating system. The Nemesis operating system is a result of the ESPRIT funded Pegasus I research project. A stereo audio stream is split with each channel being input to one of two distinct network digitisation devices; one of the resulting streams is se...