With the end of the Supermarket Revolution in the 1970s, new forms of horizontal, vertical, and geographic competition have appeared to chaflenge the supremacy of the supermarket format. New retail formats like warehouse stores, supercenters, and fast-food outlets appear to affect local retail supermarket prices. Slotting allowances, coupons, and electronic data gathering have intensified retai...

In this paper, we study properties of exp-uniform distribution and its applications. We provide closed forms for the density function and moments of order statistics and we also discuss estimation of the parameters via the maximum likelihood method. We will present certain characterizations of exp-uniform distribution. The applications of this distribution are illustrated by fitting it to three...

OP-ED P. 3 I pledge allegiance The 300 or so students transferring to McMurtry and Duncan all have their reasons, so why the scarlet letters? A&E P. 9 One step up, two steps back As the calendar turns, here's a look back at the holiday flicks and a preview of the best video games to come in 2010. SPORTS P. 11 Lucky number seven The women's track and field team has six straight titles under its ...

We raise the problem of the minorities' survival in the presence of positive network externalities. We rely on the example of thematic clubs to illustrate why and in which circumstances such survival problems might appear, …rst considering the case of simple network externalities and then the case of cross network externalities. Sonnac and Skerdilajda Zanaj for their comments and suggestions.

We consider whether Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries are mainly poor because they are governed worse than other countries, as suggested by recent studies on the supremacy of institutions. Our empirical results show that the supremacy of institutions does not hold. SSA countries appear to face specific development problems in addition to weak institutions. Given their geographic and economic ...

silence is one of the most important elements in mystical theology, generally, and in negative theology, particularly. silence is the last stage to which the mystic or the mystical theologian reaches in talking of god. in this stage, all the linguistic methods of the mystic disappear. in this paper, firstly, we will discuss the central role of the silence in the rumi’s works. then we will argue...