in order to evaluate the effect of nitrogen absorption and use efficiency in relay intercropping for winter wheat and maize, a field experiment was conducted during 2008-2009 at the agricultural research station of ferdowsi university of mashhad, iran. a randomized block design with three replications was used. treatments included four combinations of relay intercropping of wheat and maize (thr...

The tillage-based winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-summer fallow (WW-SF) cropping system has dominated dryland farming in the Pacific Northwest USA for 125 years. We conducted a large-scale multidisciplinary 8-year study of annual (i.e., no summer fallow) no-till cropping systems as an alternative to WW-SF. Soft white and hard white classes of winter and spring wheat, spring barley (Hordeum ...

The food supply is being increasingly challenged by climate change and water scarcity. However, incremental changes in traditional cropping systems have achieved only limited success in meeting these multiple challenges. In this study, we applied a systematic approach, using model simulation and data from two groups of field studies conducted in the North China Plain, to develop a new cropping ...

Results We present global planting date patterns for maize, spring wheat and winter wheat (our full, publicly available data set contains planting and harvesting dates for 19 major crops). Maize planting in the northern mid-latitudes generally occurs in April and May. Daily average air temperatures are usually c. 12–17 °C at the time of maize planting in these regions, although soil moisture of...

Many communities in the Midwestern United States obtain their drinking water from shallow alluvial wells that are vulnerable to contamination by NO3-N from the surrounding agricultural landscape. The objective of this research was to assess cropping systems with the potential to produce a reasonable return for farmers while simultaneously reducing the risk of NO3-N movement into these shallow a...

In Europe, the framework for sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) production was subject to considerable changes and for the future it is expected that sugar beet cultivation might concentrate around the sugar factories for economic reasons. Based on data from a national sugar beet farmers' survey and multi-year crop rotation trials, the effects of cropping interval (number of years in between two sub...

The effective control of Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat, mainly caused by the toxigenic fungus graminearum , has a significant impact on food safety worldwide. As maize is one main hosts F. risk infection this plant pathogen highest when wheat grown after and infected crop residues are not buried through ploughing. This study aimed to investigate agronomic economic viability two innovative...

twentieth century had faced considerable increase in crops yields. nonetheless, it is postulated that world population will reach 10.4 billion until 2050 which means the demand for agricultural crops production should be increased between 60 and 110 percent. in the present study, improvements in grain yields of wheat, maize and rice during the recent decades in iran were studies through analyzi...