wireless sensor networks are composed of hundreds or thousands of small nodes called sensor that work together and are associated with a specific task or tasks to do. each of these nodes includes sensor, processor, communication components, a small memory and a source of energy. it is expected that wireless sensor networks will be used widely in many applications in near future. scalability and...

Single-carrier space frequency block coding (SC-SFBC) is an innovative mapping scheme suitable for implementing transmit diversity in single-carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems. The main advantage of SC-SFBC is that it preserves the low envelope variations of SC-FDMA, which is particularly interesting for the uplink of wireless communications systems. In this article, w...

Nowadays, the communication industry field is mainly focused on high data transfer and more channel capacity in mobile communication and to improve the spectrum efficiency, capacity of wireless network and reliability of the link. The area efficient architecture of 4×4 16-QAM Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) detectors are mainly used for the wireless communication. An areaefficient symbol ...

The fourth generation mobile communication has used MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) technology to improve system performance .MIMO can be used to get better capacity, coverage, high data rates and throughputs. Land mobile satellite (LMS) systems are an important element of the third and fourth generation of wireless systems. In satellite communication system, the use of nonlinear Travelin...

For practical deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSN), WSNs construct clusters, where a sensor node communicates with other nodes in its cluster, and a cluster head support connectivity between the sensor nodes and a sink node. In hybrid WSNs, cluster heads have cellular network interfaces for global connectivity. However, when WSNs are active and the load of cellular networks is high, the...

Wireless sensor networks are often located in areas where access to them is difficult or dangerous. Today, in wireless sensor networks, cluster-based routing protocols by dividing sensor nodes into distinct clusters and selecting local head-clusters to combine and send information of each cluster to the base station and balanced energy consumption by network nodes, get the best performance ...

The industrial Internet of Things (IoT) is aiming to interconnect humans, machines, materials, processes and services in a network. Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) comprises the less power consuming, light weight and effective Sensor Nodes (SNs) for higher network performance. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) and sensor networks are both wireless technologies that provide limitless future po...

Direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) has been shown as the predominant access technology to provide high speed multimedia services in the next generation wireless cellular networks. The DS-CDMA cellular network significantly differentiates itself from the traditional narrowband TDMA/FDMA system, in which great capacity gain could potentially be achieved by taking advantage of...

For fixed quality-of-service constraints and varying channel interference, how should a mobile node in a wireless network adjust its transmitter power so that energy consumption is minimized? Several transmission schemes are considered, and optimal solutions are obtained for channels with stationary, extraneous interference. A simple dynamic power management algorithm based on these solutions i...

In this paper, we propose multi-h CPM-SC-FDMA, a novel transmission scheme which combines many of the key characteristics of continuous phase modulation (CPM) with single carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) to produce a power efficient, robust modulation which is suitable for high-rate multiple-access aeronautical telemetry applications. The basis of our approach is found in th...