Abduction is the inference to the best explanation . Many tasks in natural language understanding such as word-sense disambiguity [1], local pragmatics [4], metaphor interpretation [3], and plan recognition [5, 8] , can be viewed as abduction . NUBA (Natural-language Understanding By Abduction) is a natural language understanding system , where syntactic, semantic, and discourse analysis are pe...

An atypical outbreak of West Nile virus (WNV) occurred in Ngorban County, South Kordophan, Sudan, from May to August 2002. We investigated the epidemic and conducted a case-control study in the village of Limon. Blood samples were obtained for cases and controls. Patients with obvious sequelae underwent cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling as well. We used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA...

INTRODUCTION Hypertension is a non-communicable disease of increasing importance in developing countries. Due to its silent nature and serious complications, active screening is essential in case detection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of undiagnosed hypertension and to find out whether there are ethnic variations in prevalence between two Sudanese ethnicities. METHOD...

The flower fly species, Eupeodes nuba (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Syrphidae) is crucial for agroecosystems as it provides various ecosystem services such pest control through the use of predatory larvae and crop pollination by adults. In this research, consumption rate different instars Aphis fabae (Scopoli, 1763) E. has been studied under laboratory conditions at 25±2 °C, 60±10% humidity (RH)....

Tarih öncesinden itibaren Türk müzik kültüründe çeşitli değişmeler meydana gelmiştir. Müzik kültürü bu süreçte, sürekli dönüşerek günümüzdeki şeklini almıştır. 10. Yüzyılda Farabî, Pisagor’un yüzlerce yıl önce ortaya koyduğu gezegenlerin sesleriyle ilgili düşüncelerini kabul etmeyip sesin gelişini cisimlerin birbirlerine vurulmasıyla açıklayarak Horasan Tamburu üzerinde 17’li ses sistemini geli...