Aspergillus fumigatus is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for life-threatening infections in immuncompromised patients. Data about the in vitro pharmacodynamics of antifungals against A. fumigatus are limited. In the present study, we investigated the fungicidal activities, at concentrations of 1, 4 and 16 times the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), of caspofungin (CAS), amphotericin...

Introduction: Endocyn, a super-oxidized water-based irrigation solution, has been reported to be non-toxic against mammalian cells, yet highly efficacious against bacteria; however, its effect against fungi and fungal biofilms remain unknown. This study evaluated the antifungal efficacy of Endocyn compared to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX). Methods: An in vitro biofilm syst...

Tetrazolium salts like 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) or sodium 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) that form formazans after reduction are widely used to investigate cell viability. Besides cellular enzymes, some constituents of cell media and other substances reduce tetrazolium salts, thereby interfering with t...

The paper describes the Executable Design Concept which is one of the main components of HeKatE: Hybrid Knowledge Engineering methodology. HeKatE project aims at developing a methodology and supporting technologies for Software Engineering based on Knowledge Engineering methods and paradigms. The Executable Design is a concept which allows to close the so-called semantic gap which exists betwee...

A highly selective quinoline-based fluorescent sensor L was designed, prepared and used to monitor zinc ions in Goldfish (Carassius auratus) as model of vertebrate organism. Modified gold nanoparticles having functional quinoline molecules (GNPs@L) were also synthesized and their sensing properties towards different metal ions were also explored in solution, showing high selectively towards the...

The relationship between the production of reactive oxygen species and the hypersensitive response (HR) of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ) toward an incompatible race of the Oomycete Phytophthora parasitica var nicotianae has been investigated. A new assay for superoxide radical (O2-) production based on reduction of the tetrazolium dye sodium,3'-(1-[phenylamino-carbonyl]-3, 4-tetrazolium)-bis(...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common brain tumors. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgical resection are methods used in GBM treatment, however, investigation possible anticancer effects low-toxicity natural products on various cancer cells, including GBM, leads to promising results. In this study, it was aimed investigate effect tomentosin, which a sesquiterpene lactone, U87...

The pathogenesis of both superficial and systemic candidiasis is closely dictated by properties of the yeast biofilms. Despite extensive investigations on bacterial biofilms, the characteristics of candidal biofilms, and various factors affecting this process remain to be determined. Therefore we examined the effect of human whole saliva and dietary sugars, glucose and galactose on the adhesion...

The majority of microorganisms present a community lifestyle, establishing biofilm ecosystems. However, little is known about its formation in emergent Candida species involved in catheter-related infections. Thus, various techniques may be used in the biofilm detection to elucidate structure and clinical impact. In this context, we report the ability of emergent Candida species (Candida haemul...