After the fall of the Roman Empire in AD 476, scientific progress in Europe had come to a standstill. This era between fall of Rome and the Renaissance is commonly known as the dark ages. However, from the 8th till 13th century, scientific and cultural knowledge had flourished in the Islamic world. This period, which began soon after the establishment of the Abbasid Khalifate in Baghdad in the ...

tuhaf al-uqūl is the name of a hadīth collection, the author of which is abu muhammad ḥasan ibn alī ibn ḥussein ibn shu‘bat al-ḥarrānī. he is one of the hadīth narrators of the fourth century (a.h), and according to some sayings, he was one of sheikh mufīd’s preceptors. one of the features of tuhaf al-uqūl is its containing some single hadīths, which have no equivalent in other hadīth collectio...

like other religions, there are various currents in imami shiite in the first centuries. this article, relying on discourse analysis and by concentrating on oppositions, attempts to identify the internal shiite currents in iraq and iran in the second and third centuries. according to historical evidences, the opposition between school of hisham ibn al-hakam and majority of shia, which was schoo...

The authors regret that there is a mistake in the university name in one of the author’s affiliation. It is written over the article as ‘‘Al-ImamMuhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University’’. The correct one is as follows: Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Al ImamMohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), P.O. BOX 90950, 11623 Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia The authors ...

yusuf ibn mohammad ibn yusuf heravi, commonly known as “hakim yosefi” and “molana ibn yusuf”, son of mohammad yosefi, was a 10th century ah physician. it seems he was a native from khaf, khorasan which studied in mā varā al-nahr and leaved in harat. since of he fear of sorkh kolahan, he moved to india with his father. his works are important from that he poetry to facilitate medicine subjects. ...