STUDY DESIGN Retrospective, radiological study. PURPOSE To determine the relationship between clinical symptoms and the extent of tumor occupation of the spinal canal by cauda equina schwannoma. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Little is known about the relationship between the size of tumors of the cauda equina and the manifestation of clinical symptoms. We analyzed this relationship by estimating t...

mycophenolic acid (mpa) is the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil. this study designed to investigate the mechanism of cytotoxicity of mpa on the genetically engineered pc12 tet off (pto) neuronal cells with p53 gene. alamar blue (ab) reduction showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of mpa on pto cells with ic50 value of 32.32 ± 4.61 mm. the reactive oxygen species (ros) generation...

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil. This study designed to investigate the mechanism of cytotoxicity of MPA on the genetically engineered PC12 Tet Off (PTO) neuronal cells with p53 gene. Alamar Blue (AB) reduction showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of MPA on PTO cells with IC50 value of 32.32 ± 4.61 mM. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation...

Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil. This study designed to investigate the mechanism of cytotoxicity of MPA on the genetically engineered PC12 Tet Off (PTO) neuronal cells with p53 gene. Alamar Blue (AB) reduction showed concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of MPA on PTO cells with IC50 value of 32.32 ± 4.61 μM. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation...

The major virulence strategy of phytopathogenic bacteria is to secrete effector proteins into the host cell to target the immune machinery. AvrPto and AvrPtoB are two such effectors from Pseudomonas syringae, which disable an overlapping range of kinases in Arabidopsis and Tomato. Both effectors target surface-localized receptor-kinases to avoid bacterial recognition. In turn, tomato has evolve...

Resistance of tomato plants to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato race 0 is controlled by the locus Pto. A bacterial avirulence gene was cloned by constructing a cosmid library from an avirulent P. syringae pv. tomato race, conjugating the recombinants into a strain of P. syringae pv. maculicola virulent on a tomato cultivar containing Pto, and screening for those clones tha...

The majority of bacterial foliar plant pathogens must invade the apoplast of host plants through points of ingress, such as stomata or wounds, to replicate to high population density and cause disease. How pathogens navigate plant surfaces to locate invasion sites remains poorly understood. Many bacteria use chemical-directed regulation of flagellar rotation, a process known as chemotaxis, to m...

PURPOSE To compare full-time occlusion (FTO) and part-time occlusion (PTO) therapy in the treatment of amblyopia, with the secondary aim of evaluating the minimum number of hours of part-time patching required for maximal effect from occlusion. METHODS A literature search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Ovid, Web of Science and Cochrane library. Methodological quality of the ...

The authors observed the surface morphology transition from the atomically flat two dimensional layer-by-layer mode to the three dimensional pyramidal mode of heteroepitaxial PbTiO3 PTO islands synthesized by hydrothermal epitaxy by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Two types of 001 Nb–SrTiO3 NSTO with the same step height, 0.25 and 1 m terrace widths, were used for subs...

A free-floating wave energy converter (WEC) concept whose power take-off (PTO) system reacts against water inertia is investigated herein. The main focus is the impact of inclining the PTO direction on the system performance. The study is based on a numerical model whose formulation is first derived in detail. Hydrodynamics coefficients are obtained using the linear boundary element method pack...