adverse drug reaction (adr) is one of the most life threatening problems, and the economic burden of adr is considerable. the main objective of this study was to assess the attitude of the kerman health system staff, to evaluate their knowledge of the spontaneous reporting system and to identify the reasons for low reporting rate. in this descriptive study, a persian translated questioner was u...

Adriamycin (ADR) is a chemotherapeutic for the treatment of solid tumors. This quinone-containing anthracycline is well known to produce large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo. A common complaint of patients undergoing long-term treatment with ADR is somnolence, often referred to as "chemobrain." While ADR itself does not cross the blood brain barrier (BBB), we recently showed t...

PURPOSE Although the combination of Adriamycin (ADR) and docetaxel (DOC) showed a better cure rate against metastatic breast cancer in a clinical study, severe myelosuppression and cardiotoxicity were dose-limiting factors. The purpose of this study was to establish the most suitable dosing schedule to relieve severe adverse effects and improve the antitumor effects. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Both ...

BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory, chronically relapsing, and intensively pruritic skin disease that affect 10-30% of the global population. Angelicae dahuricae Radix (ADR) has been reported to be anti-inflammatory in Korean Medicine. In the present study, we investigated whether ADR suppresses the progression of AD in animal model. METHODS AD was induced by 2, 4-Dinitrochl...

BACKGROUND The incidence of colorectal cancer is rising in several developing countries. In the absence of integrated endoscopy and pathology databases, adenoma detection rate (ADR), as a validated quality indicator of screening colonoscopy, is generally difficult to obtain in practice. We aimed to measure the correlation of polyp-related indicators with ADR in order to identify the most accura...

The in vivo phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra of Adriamycin (ADR)-sensitive murine mammary adenocarcinomas (17/A) and an ADR-resistant subline of this tumor which has been isolated in vivo (17/A/ADR) were compared both before and after i.v. administration of 12 mg/kg ADR. Significant differences between ADR-sensitive and -resistant tumors for the changes observed 1 day afte...

PURPOSE To determine the effect of a single dose of adriamycin (ADR) to induce anorectal malformations (ARMs) and determine the effect of folic acid (FA) in this model. METHODS Ten female Wistar rats were divided randomly in two groups. Group A - ADR; Group B - FA+ADR. Dams from group B received daily, since two weeks before the pregnancy to the end of pregnancy, FA (50mg/kg) by gavage. Dams ...

In a human small cell lung carcinoma cell line, GLC«,Adriamycin (ADR) resistance was induced. In the resistant cell line, GLC^ADR, a 45% decreased intracellular ADR level was found compared to GLC* but this could not fully explain the resistance. Evaluation of DNA damage in both cell lines after incubation with ADR by alkaline and neutral elution revealed single-strand breaks, DNA-protein cros...

BACKGROUND Epidemiologic information on time trends of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADR) and ADR-related hospitalizations is scarce. Over time, pharmacotherapy has become increasingly complex. Because of raised awareness of ADR, a decrease in ADR might be expected. The aim of this study was to determine trends in ADR-related hospitalizations in the older Dutch population. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL...