The medial olivocochlear (MOC) bundle reduces the gain of the cochlear amplifier through reflexive activation by sound. Physiological results indicate that MOC-induced reduction in cochlear gain can enhance the response to signals when presented in masking noise. Some previous studies suggest that this "antimasking" effect of the MOC system plays a role in speech-in-noise perception. The presen...

A new method for the extraction of the active coagulation component from Moringa oleifera seeds was developed and compared with the ordinary water extraction method (MOC-DW). In the new method, 1.0 mol l-1 solution of sodium chloride (MOC-SC) and other salts were used for extraction of the active coagulation component. Batch coagulation experiments were conducted using 500 ml of low turbid wate...

Distinguishing between reactive mesothelial proliferations and adenocarcinoma is often very difficult. Ancillary studies, in particular immunohistochemistry, are often critical in detecting malignant epithelial cells, especially in serous effusion specimens. MOC-31 and Ber-EP4 are antibodies which target the epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM, TACSTD1) expressed in epithelial cells, and ...

[1] The North Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (MOC) may weaken or even collapse in response to anthropogenic climate forcing, with potentially nontrivial socioeconomic impacts. One currently implemented MOC observation system uses temperature and salinity (as well as other) observations along a zonal transect in the North Atlantic. The resulting MOC estimate has, however, a relative...

This study focuses on the coagulation mechanism by the purified coagulant solution (MOC-SC-PC) with the coagulation active component extracted from M. oleifera seeds using salt solution. The addition of MOC-SC-PC tap water formed insoluble matters. This formation was responsible for kaolin coagulation. On the other hand, insoluble matters were not formed when the MOC-SC-PC was added into distil...

[1] Anthropogenic change of the Atlantic meridional ocean heat transport (AOHT) is diagnosed from a large ensemble of climate simulations over the period 1940– 2080, as well as its relation to changes in the Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) and the gyre circulation in the Atlantic. Internal variability in AOHT is closely associated with MOC variability. The anthropogenic change in AOHT,...

Human listeners are able to concentrate on listening to one voice amidst other conversations and background noise, but not all of the neural mechanisms for this process are understood. There is growing evidence in normal-hearing subjects that the medial olivocochlear (MOC) auditory efferent system is involved in the detection of signals in noise, such as speech sounds, by modulation of cochlear...

By using otoacoustic emission, we looked for change in outer hair cell (OHC) motile activity and medial olivocochlear (MOC) system inhibition due to benzodiazepine administration, a drug that is known to produce a pharmacological effect by interacting with GABAergic inhibitory neurotransmission. No effect was observed on OHC motile activity, in contrast benzodiazepines decreased MOC system effe...

The ocean moderates the Earth's climate due to its vast capacity to store and transport heat; the influence of the large-scale ocean circulation on changes in climate is considered in this chapter. The ocean experiences both buoyancy forcing (through heating/cooling and evaporation/precipitation) and wind forcing. Almost all ocean forcing occurs at the surface, but these changes are communicate...