BACKGROUND The Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale (Icon-FES) is an innovative tool to assess concern of falling that uses pictures as visual cues to provide more complete environmental contexts. Advantages of Icon-FES over previous scales include the addition of more demanding balance-related activities, ability to assess concern about falling in highly functioning older people, and its normal...

Three main questions are addressed in this study: (a) how do different icon design conditions (illustrative styles and design elements) and colours affect consumers’ Kansei? (b) how do different design conditions and colours match with the icon image? and (c) what kind of design conditions and colours would generate positive influences on the icon image? To address these questions, the design c...

This paper describes ICON, a novel editor designed toconfigure a set of input devices and connect them to actionsinto a graphical interactive application. ICON allowsphysically challenged users to connect alternative inputdevices and/or configure their interaction techniquesaccording to their needs. It allows skilled users – graphicdesigners or musicians for example ...

The color icon harnesses color and texture perception to create integrated displays of two-dimensional multi-parameter distributions. We have redesigned the color icon. The new design increases the number of parameters that can be integrated. It also extends the icon from two dimensions to three dimensions (which increases the number of parameters that can be integrated even further). To facili...

It becomes complicated to represent complex object structures as a network of nodes and arcs when a large volume of objects is to be browsed. This paper presents the issues of designing and implementing an icon-based graphic user interface for representing complex relationship instances as a node-and-link form. The iconbased browser presented in this paper supports the simplification of the vis...

BACKGROUND/AIM Occlusal indices are quantitative diagnostic indicators of malocclusion severity, orthodontic treatment need, complexity and outcome. The aim of this study was to determine correlations and agreement among three occlusal indices: the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN), the Peer Assessment Rating Index (PAR) and the Index of Complexity, Outcome and Need (ICON) in evaluatin...

At limited area of smartphone display, it is critical that app icon should provide good recognition and user preference. Based on the key components of an icon, this study investigated app icon design across different mobile operating systems (Apple iOS, Google Android and Windows Phone 8, with different icon design principles respectively) to understand recognition performance and user prefere...

Graphical interfaces allow users to issue commands using pull-down menus, icon toolbars, and keyboard shortcuts. Menus and icon toolbars are easier to learn, whereas keyboard shortcuts are more efficient. It would seem natural for users to migrate from the use of easy-to-learn menu and icon methods to the more efficient method of keyboard shortcuts as they gain experience. To investigate the ex...

OBJECTIVE Icon arrays have been suggested as a potentially promising format for communicating risks to patients-especially those with low numeracy skills-but experimental studies are lacking. This study investigates whether icon arrays increase accuracy of understanding medical risks, and whether they affect perceived seriousness of risks and helpfulness of treatments. DESIGN Two experiments ...

This art ic le descr ibes the use of sul fur-containing organic monolayers to improve the adhesion of gold to sil icon substrates having a native sil icon dioxide surface layer. Gold adheres to clean sil icon,r but not to sil icon dioxide.2 The affinity of gold toward sil icon dioxide can be improved by coating with chromium3 or titaniumt films or by adding interlayers containing fluoride salts...