The vision is still not clear to the designers identify sustainable design strategy parameters. Also, most green building rating systems focus on environmental aspect without rest of sustainability aspects, which reduces opportunities their use in and assessment process construction industry general. Thus, research aims assess, develop, adjust path architecture based a basis has feature produce...

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new bearer service for GSM that greatly improves and simplifies wireless access to packet data networks, e.g., to the Internet. It applies a packet radio principle to transfer user data packets in an efficient way between mobile stations and external packet data networks. This tutorial gives an introduction to GPRS. The article discusses the system a...

GPRS extends the widely deployed GSM system with a more efficient wireless Internet access. In this paper we investigate how a TCP transmission over GPRS is affected when it loses all its resources due to preemption by circuit-switched calls with higher priority. The results indicate that TCP performance is degraded more than necessary, as buffered data is flushed immediately when the GPRS traf...

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) system will offer to the users an easy access to Internet applications which work with the TCP protocol. We analyse by means of simulations the performance in the GPRS network of the following wireless TCP proposals that use a proxy server: the Snoop protocol and the Split mechanism. We also describe the impact of the GPRS LLC layer in Acknowledged mode i...

GPRS extends the widely deployed GSM system with a more efficient wireless Internet access. In this paper we present measurements of GPRS traffic when preempted by circuit-switched calls. The results indicate that TCP performance is degraded more than necessary, as buffered data is flushed immediately when the GPRS traffic is preempted. The time required for error recovery is considerable also ...

In this paper, we present investigative results of HTTP performance over GPRS (General Packet Radio Service). Following on from an earlier study of GPRS[2], in which we uncovered a number of performance problems with TCP (e.g. sub-optimal start-up performance, excess queueing, spurious timeouts etc.), we discuss how and to what extent these limitations can impact HTTP. We also examine some othe...

Formal models for gene assembly in ciliates have been developed, in particular the string pointer reduction system (SPRS) and the graph pointer reduction system (GPRS). The reduction graph is a valuable tool within the SPRS, revealing much information about how gene assembly is performed for a given gene. The GPRS is more abstract than the SPRS and not all information present in the SPRS is ret...

The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) has recently become a standard to extend the services provided by the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). GPRS addresses packetoriented traffic, by allowing a more efficient usage of the radio resources with a consequent improvement in the QoS of subscribers. This paper focuses on a preliminary evaluation of dependability and performance figure...

The Mobile Internet requires enhanced security services available to all mobile subscribers in a dynamic fashion. A network-wide Virtual Private Network (VPN) deployment scenario over the General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is proposed and analyzed from a security viewpoint. The proposed security scheme improves the level of protection that is currently supported in GPRS and facilitates the rea...