Fosdick and Raftery (2012) revisited the classical problem of inference for a bivariate normal correlation coefficient ρ when the variances are known. They considered several frequentist and Bayesian estimators, the former including the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE), but did not obtain the standard errors of these estimators or confidence intervals for ρ. Here we present a new variance-sta...

This article considers the nonparametric maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for the joint distribution function of an interval censored survival time and a continuous mark variable. We derive a new explicit formula for the MLE that has both computational and theoretical advantages. Using this formula and the mark specific cumulative hazard function of Huang & Louis (1998), we derive the almost ...

Solution 1: The goal of MLE is to estimate optimal values for each of the model’s parameters by maximizing the likelihood of the data given the parameters. MLE provides an answer to the question “which model instance best fits the data?” when “best fits” is defined as “gives the most evidence for”. If θ is a particular assignment of values to the model’s parameters and y represents the observed...

This article concerns the study of the asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) for the general hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM) with backward recurrence time dependence. By transforming the general HSMM into a general hidden Markov model, we prove that under some regularity conditions, the MLE is strongly consistent and asymptotically normal. We also provide useful expres...

Recent research has demonstrated that the rotor angle stability can be assessed by identifying the sign of the system’s maximal Lyapunov exponent (MLE). A positive (negative) MLE implies unstable (stable) rotor angle dynamics. However, because the MLE may fluctuate between positive and negative values for a long time after a severe disturbance, it is difficult to determine the system stability ...

OBJECTIVES The Mikania laevigata extract (MLE) (popularly known in Brazil as "guaco") possesses anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study we tested the effects of MLE in a periodontitis experimental model in rats. We also investigated possible mechanisms underlying such effects. MATERIAL AND METHODS Periodontal disease was induced by a ligature placed around the mandibular first mola...

A recent short communication [1] showed that an orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) classifier developed for hyperspectral image classification in [2] was equivalent to a maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) resulting from a standard method of linear unmixing. It further concluded that the MLE subsumed the OSP classifier in spite of a constant difference in their magnitudes. Coincidentally, the ...

♦ parameter space-Ω = {all θ} ♦ estimator-a random variable (or vector) ♦ estimate-a value (vector) derived from a realization ♦ (log)-likelihood function-n i=1 f (x i ; θ). ♦ maximum likelihood estimator (estimate)[mle]) is called an unbiased estimator of θ. Otherwise, it is said to be biased. ♦ parameter estimation by method of moments. Example 1: mle for the mean and variance of a random sam...

We have observed an interesting, yet unexplained, phenomenon: Semidefinite programming (SDP) based relaxations of maximum likelihood estimators (MLE) tend to be tight in recovery problems with noisy data, even when MLE cannot exactly recover the ground truth. Several results establish tightness of SDP based relaxations in the regime where exact recovery from MLE is possible. However, to the bes...

With large numbers of hydroxyl groups, the trimethylsilyl derivatives become too large in mass for the range of many quadrupole mass spectrometers, so methylation is used. However, this would cause problems in structural elucidation since those compounds in which demethylation of the methoxyl or dimethylamino group had taken place would be remethylated, thus obscuring these demethylating proces...