In this paper, we study the relay-based communication schemes for cooperative spectrum sharing among multiple primary users (PUs) and multiple secondary users (SUs) with incomplete information. Inspired by contract theory, we model the network as a labor market. In this market, PUs and SUs are regarded as employer and employee respectively. Each PU proposes certain contracts to attract the SUs,...

Scanning ultrasound (SUS) is a noninvasive approach that has recently been shown to ameliorate histopathological changes and restore memory functions in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Although no overt neuronal damage was reported, the short- and long-term effects of SUS on neuronal excitability and dendritic tree morphology had not been investigated. To address this, we performed patch-cl...

Outgrowth of solid tumors requires blood supply to the tumor. Tumor angiogenesis is dependent on the interplay between tumor-derived angiogenic factors and stromal cells. Recently, it has been shown that the neurotransmitter dopamine is a potent inhibitor of VEGF-induced angiogenesis. Moreover, there is evidence that patients with schizophrenia have a hyperreactive dopaminergic system and are r...

The problem of opportunistic spectrum access in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) is considered in this paper. Especially, we discuss designing distributed learning protocols for non-cooperative secondary users (SUs) to efficiently utilize the spectrum opportunities. It is well known that the SUs’ selfish behaviors will result in a network collapse. Each SU is thus enabled to form conjectures ove...

An allocation of sensing and reporting times is proposed to improve the sensing performance by scheduling them in an efficient way for cognitive radio networks with cluster-based cooperative spectrum sensing. In the conventional cooperative sensing scheme, all secondary users (SUs) detect the primary user (PU) signal to check the availability of the spectrum during a fixed sensing time slot. Th...

Suppressor mutations were identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and a comparison was made with Escherichia coli suppressor systems. A suppressor-sensitive (sus) derivative of a plasmid, RP4 trp, and several Sus mutants of IncP1 plasmid-specific phages, were isolated by using E. coli. Plasmid RP4 trp (sus) was transferred to P. aeruginosa strains carrying trp markers which did not complement RP4...

Sulfonylureas (SUs) are commonly used as add-on to metformin in treatment of type 2 diabetes in patients who are insufficiently controlled by metformin alone. They have good efficacy and have been shown to prevent microvascular complications. However, treatment with SUs is also associated with a high frequency of hypoglycemia, increased body weight, and a high risk of secondary failure. During ...

Sucrose (Suc) synthase (Sus) is the major enzyme of Suc breakdown for cellulose biosynthesis in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fiber, an important source of fiber for the textile industry. This study examines the tissue-specific expression, relative abundance, and temporal expression of various Sus transcripts and proteins present in cotton. A novel isoform of Sus (SusC) is identified that is expr...

Due to limited cooperation among users and erratic nature of wireless channel, it is difficult for secondary users (SUs) to obtain exact values of system parameters, which may lead to severe interference to primary users (PUs) and cause communication interruption for SUs. In this paper, we study robust power control problem for spectrum underlay cognitive radio networks with multiple SUs and PU...

This paper deals with performance modeling aspects of radio frequency licensing. The utilization of mobile cellular networks can be increased by the idea of the cognitive radio. Licensed users (Primary Users PUs) and normal users (Secondary Users SUs) are considered. The main idea is, that the SUs are able to access to the available non-licensed radio frequencies. A finite-source retrial queuei...