BACKGROUND Pathogenesis of gallstones (GS) is multifactorial and multiple genetic and environmental factors have been identified in different populations for different types of GS with varying prevalence. However the role of the each aetiological factor on the formation of mixed cholesterol and black pigment GS has not being addressed adequately. Hence in this study we attempted to compare know...

Lafora progressive myoclonus epilepsy, caused by defective laforin or malin, insidiously present in normal teenagers with cognitive decline, followed by rapidly intractable epilepsy, dementia and death. Pathology reveals neurodegeneration with neurofibrillary tangle formation and Lafora bodies (LBs). LBs are deposits of starch-like polyglucosans, insufficiently branched and hence insoluble glyc...

Glycogen is a primary form of energy storage in eukaryotes that is essential for glucose homeostasis. The glycogen polymer is synthesized from glucose through the cooperative action of glycogen synthase (GS), glycogenin (GN), and glycogen branching enzyme and forms particles that range in size from 10 to 290 nm. GS is regulated by allosteric activation upon glucose-6-phosphate binding and inact...

Previously we have reported an increased renal alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic receptor expression in male spontaneously hypertensive rats that occurred ontogenetically in parallel with blood pressure elevation. However, increased receptor numbers were not accompanied by enhanced stimulation of inositol phosphate and cyclic AMP formation, respectively, indicating relative desensitization. We have ...

Intensifying winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum)–grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]–fallow (W–GS–FL) crop rotation with annual forages can increase productivity and resource use efficiency. The objective of this research was to quantify the impact increasing intensity by growing in a traditional W–GS–FL on cropping system productivity, water use, precipitation efficiency, net income. st...

Aerodynamic measurements of latent (λE) and sensible heat (H) exchange were made in an intensively managed peat pasture during 2 consecutive years; the fetch was approximately 1.5 km. The surface conductance (gs) was calculated from the Penman-Monteith equation. The analysis focused on 2 successive aspects of gs: gs as a function of environment (primarily vapour pressure deficit [D]) and the en...

The ultimate cause of genome size (GS) evolution in eukaryotes remains a major and unresolved puzzle in evolutionary biology. Large-scale comparative studies have failed to find consistent correlations between GS and organismal properties, resulting in the 'C-value paradox'. Current hypotheses for the evolution of GS are based either on the balance between mutational events and drift or on natu...

OBJECTIVE To more clearly elucidate the association between prostate volume and Gleason score (GS) upgrading. PATIENT AND METHODS We reviewed 451 patients with prostate cancer with a GS of 6 on biopsy, who underwent radical prostatectomy without neoadjuvant treatment. As a preoperative variable, we assessed the independent effect of prostate volume on GS upgrading. To evaluate the association...

Tonya ha s a b i g ma th t e s t t omor r ow and sh e n e ed s t o s t udy t on i gh t . W hi l e a t t h e g r o c e r y s t o r e s h e s e e s a Ginkgo B i l oba ad v e r t i s emen t t ha t c l a ims i t w i l l imp r o v e h e r memo r y. B e c au s e s h e wan t s t o d o w e l l o n h e r t e s t , s h e buy s t h e Ginkgo B i l oba , g o e s h ome , and r e v i ew s t h e s ame ma th sh...