Six new homologues of the 3-alkanoyl-5-hydroxymethyl tetronic acid (1 ~6) (Scheme 1) have been identified in extracts of the Actinomycete strain DSM7357 as inhibitors of HIV-1 protease. In the preceding paper1} we described the fermentation, isolation and biological properties of these secondary metabolites 1 ~6. The length and substitution pattern of the alkanoyl side chain of the tetronic aci...

Low temperature during reproductive stage of spring wheat causes sterility of pollen grains and reduced yield. Field experiment was conducted during the winter season in the farm of Indian Agricultural Research Institute with wheat crop to study the effect of temperature on phenology and pollen sterility of spring wheat crop. Lower mean temperature during the crop growth period led to enhanced ...

The performance of a predictive model is overestimated when simply determined on the sample of subjects that was used to construct the model. Several internal validation methods are available that aim to provide a more accurate estimate of model performance in new subjects. We evaluated several variants of split-sample, cross-validation and bootstrapping methods with a logistic regression model...

Campylobacter species are one of the main causes of food poisoning worldwide. Despite the availability of established culturing and molecular techniques, due to the fastidious nature of these microorganisms, simultaneous detection and species differentiation still remains challenging. This study focused on the differentiation of eleven Campylobacter strains from six species, using Fourier trans...

BACKGROUND Mode of delivery at first childbirth largely determines mode of delivery at subsequent births, so it is particularly important to understand risk factors for cesarean delivery at first childbirth. In this study, we investigated risk factors for cesarean delivery among nulliparous women, with focus on the association between labor induction and cesarean delivery. METHODS A prospecti...

Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism, is expressed in the liver, distributed in blood, and excreted in urine. However, to date, no reliable and practical method for measuring the bioactive form of hepcidin in serum has been developed. Here, we used surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) to analyze the distinctive serum proteomic patt...

Rising atmospheric CO 2 and temperatures are probably altering ecosystem carbon cycling, causing both positive and negative feedbacks to climate. Below-ground processes play a key role in the global carbon (C) cycle because they regulate storage of large quantities of C, and are potentially very sensitive to direct and indirect effects of elevated CO 2 and temperature. Soil organic matter pools...

Sodic soils have immense productivity potential, if managed through proper technology interventions. Bio-compost is prepared by composting pressmud and gypsum received from waste material of mining can be used to reclaim sodic soils. Field experiments were conducted during the June-November 2018 2019 at ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Sub Regional Station, Pusa (Samastipur), Biha...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Retinal vascular caliber changes have been shown to predict stroke, but the underlying mechanism of this association is unknown. We examined the relationship between retinal vascular caliber with brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD), a measure of systemic endothelial function. METHODS The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is a population-based study of perso...

Considering the high morbidity of hepatitis B in China, many epidemiological studies based on classic medical statistical analysis have been started but lack spatial information. However, spatial information such as the spatial distribution, autocorrelation and risk factors of the disease is of great help in studying patients with hepatitis B. This study examined 2851 cases of hepatitis B that ...