Rainfall-Runoff and Signal Separation Problems: The process of converting rainfall into runoff is a highly nonlinear problem due to the soil-water interaction that starts when rainfall reaches the ground. Additional variables to consider are evaporation, transpiration, losses due to vegetation and land use, and the different flow processes that take place in a watershed. For instance, baseflow ...

OBJECTIVE Describing patterns of acute febrile syndrome (AFS) consultation related to dengue and evaluating association with rainfall. METHODS 318 undifferentiated AFS patients were detected in two clinics during a 7-month period (March to September) and then included in systematic clinical follow-up. 31 % of them (81/281) were IgM positive for dengue. Rainfall (litres/square meter-day) durin...

This paper introduces and evaluates DryMOD, a dynamic water balance model of the key hydrological process in drylands that is based on free, public-domain datasets. The rainfall model of DryMOD makes optimal use of spatially disaggregated Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) datasets to simulate hourly rainfall intensities at a spatial resolution of 1-km. Regional-scale applications of th...

The present study developed an artificial neural network (ANN) model to overcome the difficulties in training the ANN models with continuous data consisting of rainy and non-rainy days. Among the six models analyzed the ANN model which used generalized feedforward type network and a hyperbolic tangent function and a combination of 5 meteorological parameters (relative humidity, air pressure, we...

[1] Along the southern Himalayan topographic front, the Indian summer monsoon modulates erosive processes and rates. To investigate the influence of topography and relief on rainfall generation and resultant erosion, we processed satellite rainfall amounts for the last 8 years (1998–2005) from the Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM). Based upon a spatial resolution of 5 5 km for the Hi...

It was originally suggested that this paper should deal with problems associated with the management of grazings under low rainfall conditions and the title submitted was “Problems of management of grassland under low rainfall conditions in South Africa.” It was decided, however, that as much of the veld under low rainfall conditions was not grassland, it would be better to deal with the main v...

The payout and price of a rainfall-based index insurance contract are both functions of rainfall, which is a random process. In order to design and price these contracts, therefore, the buyers and the sellers of the contracts must both have a satisfactory understanding of the rainfall process, and must be able to communicate their beliefs to each other in order to negotiate the design and price...

Indaziflam {N-[(1R, 2S)-2,3-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-1H-inden-1-yl]-6-[(1RS)-1fluoroethyl]-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine} is a new pre-emergence herbicide recently registered for a broad spectrum weed control in Florida citrus. Experiments were conducted to evaluate leaching of indaziflam applied at 73 and 145 g ai ha(-1) in Florida Candler soil under simulated rainfall of 5, 10, and 15 cm ha(-1). Ind...