The purpose of this study is to achieve a simpler and safer surface modification substrates using photoreactive polymer in an aqueous environment. We synthesized water-soluble polymers with both phenylazide groups phosphorylcholine groups, poly(2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine-co-4-methacryl tetra(ethylene glycol)oxycarbonyl-4-phenylazide) (PMEPAz), via reversible addition fragmentation...

$P_c$ resonances are studied in the approach of quark model and group theory. It is found that there totally 17 possible pentaquark states with contents $q^3Q \bar Q$ ($q$ $u$ $d$ quarks; $Q$ $c$ quark) compact picture, where hidden heavy may take color singlet-singlet ($[111]_{{qqq}}\otimes [111]_{{c c}}$) octet-octet ($[21]_{{qqq}}\otimes [21]_{{c configurations. The partial decay widths calc...

Huisgen [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition of 6″-azido-6″-deoxy-α-galactosyl ceramide 11 with a range of alkynes (or a benzyne precursor) yielded a series of triazole-containing α-galactosyl ceramide (α-GalCer) analogues in high yield. These α-GalCer analogues and the precursor azide 11 were tested for their ability to activate iNKT cells and stimulate IL-2 cytokine secretion in vitro, and IFN-γ and I...

Triazole-linked morpholino ((TL)MO) oligonucleic acids were synthesised using the Cu(I) catalysed (3 + 2) azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. The modified DNA analogues were incorporated into 13-mer sequences via solid phase synthesis. UV melting experiments showed that the (TL)MO modification gives higher Tm values than the corresponding (TL)DNA modification.

The number of new drug candidates that are cleared via noncytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes has increased. However, unlike oxidation by P450, the roles of reductive enzymes are less understood. The metabolism in intestine is especially not well known. The purposes of this study were to investigate the significance of reductive metabolism in human intestine, and to establish a quantitative predicti...

6 7 8 Minna Hassinen, Salla Laulaja, Vesa Paajanen, Jaakko Haverinen and Matti Vornanen 9 University of Eastern Finland, Department of Biology, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland 10 11 12 13 Short title: Thermal adaptation of cardiac potassium current in crucian carp 14 15 16 17 Address for correspondence: 18 Matti Vornanen 19 University of Eastern Finland 20 Department of Biology, P.O. box 1...

Fifteen novel β-lactams bearing the N-ethyl tert-butyl carbamate group 5a-o and fifteen N-(2-aminoethyl) β-lactams 6a-o were synthesized by the ketene-imine [2+2] cycloaddition reaction (Staudinger ). The cycloaddition reaction was found to be totally diastereoselective leading exclusively to the formation of the cis-β-lactam derivatives. These newly synthesized β-lactams were evaluated for the...