Free radical production and oxidative stress are known to increase in liver during aging, and may contribute to the oxidative damage. These changes increase during menopausal condition in females when the level of estradiol is decreased. The objective of this study was to observe the changes in activities of membrane linked ATPases (Na(+)K(+) ATPase, Ca(2+) ATPase), antioxidant enzymes (superox...

Background: The presence of estrogen receptor beta and aromatase in the germ cell has highlighted the physiological role of the traditionally female hormone, estrogen, in spermatogenesis. Estrogen receptor alpha knockouts and aromatase knockouts have further accentuated the role of estrogen in germ cell maturation. To delineate effects of high intratesticular estradiol in the seminiferous epith...

Natural and synthetic estrogens present in municipal wastewater can be biodegraded during treatment, particularly in activated sludge. The objective was to assess the extent of transformation of 17-beta-estradiol (E2) and 17-alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) by nitrifying activated sludge and evaluate potential relationships between availability of oxygen, nitrification rate, and estrogen removal. F...

Objective(s) The effect of tamoxifen as a selective estrogen receptor modulator which is widely used for treatment of early and metastatic breast cancer was investigated on the folliculogenesis in rat's fetuses and neonates. Materials and Methods The pregnant rats assigned into test and control groups. Control group received olive oil and treatment groups received either 17-β-estradiol (10 µ...

In this study, we aimed at delineating the possible effect of estradiol (E2) levels on day β-hCG administration ovary by analysingthe Embryo Score (ES) early 2, 44hrs post insemination. Oocyte donor ovarian stimulation protocols were thus used in order to avoid any counteractions E2 with endometrium. All oocytes microinjected and all embryo transfers fresh.E2 E2/oocyte correlated positively ES ...

One minute after instillation of 14C-estradiol-17 beta (14C-E2 17 beta) into selected sections of the gastrointestinal tract of swine, radioactive estradiol metabolites were present in blood collected from the portal and jugular veins. Ether was used to extract free but not conjugated estrogens. The percentage of plasma radioactivity that was ether extractable (EE) was low in portal plasma and ...

OBJECTIVES: In earlier studies we have demonstrated that 17-β-estradiol and an estrogen cell surface receptor can be found on various human cells where they are coupled to nitric oxide release. We also demonstrated the presence of estrogen signaling in Mytilus edulis ganglia. In the present report, we sought to determine a function for these ganglionic estrogen receptors, transcending a reprodu...

The magnitude of the HIV epidemic in women requires urgent efforts to find effective preventive methods. Even though sex hormones have been described to influence HIV infection in epidemiological studies and regulate different immune responses that may affect HIV infection, the direct role that female sex hormones play in altering the susceptibility of target cells to HIV-infection is largely u...

This article describes gas chromatography-flame ionization detection method for determination of 17 β-estradiol in rabbit plasma. 17 β-estradiol and internal standard progesterone were extracted from plasma using liquid-liquid extraction method. Linearity was found between 0.25 and 20 μg/ml (r(2)=0.994) for plasma samples. Intra-day and inter-day precision, expressed as the relative standard de...