The term proteomics was coined by Marc R. Wilkins in 1994, whilst he was developing the concept as PhD student in Macquarie University (Wilkins et al., 1996a). Proteomics was mainly derived from the field of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). With the arrival of the concept of proteomics or proteome analysis, the method of 2-DE has gained greater significance. Although alternative meth...

The two-dimensional gel electrophoresis method (2-DE) is widely used in Proteomics to separate thousands of proteins in a sample. By comparing the protein expression levels of proteins in a normal sample with those in a diseased one, it is possible to identify a meaningful set of marker proteins for the targeted disease. The major shortcomings of this approach involve inherent noises and irregu...

Background: Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) and several antigenic proteins of Brucella have been considered for preparation of diagnostic reagents and subunit vaccines. The objective of this study was to identify and compare immunogens of B. abortus S19 which induce humoral immune responses in human, goat and rabbit. Material and Methods: The bacterial whole cell extract was prepared in extraction b...

Dogue de Bordeaux dog has been reported to be predisposed to a familial glomerulonephropathy that displays some morphological modifications reported in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Prevalence of quantitatively abnormal renal proteinuria was recently reported to be 33% in this breed. The nature of the proteinuria was assessed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis and d...

Clostridium botulinum type G progenitor toxin was chromatographed on DEAE-Sephadex and Q-Sepharose equilibrated with 0.05 M Tris-HCl buffer, pH 8.0, containing 0.2 M urea. The toxin was eluted in a single protein peak from DEAE-Sephadex, but it was eluted in four protein peaks from Q-Sepharose; the third peak was toxic and the others were nontoxic. The third peak, appearing to be the toxic comp...

• Difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) is the new gold standard analysing complex protein mixtures in proteomics. It is used for measuring the expression levels of proteins in different mixtures on the same two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gel. In this paper we review a method for the calibration and normalization of those protein expression measurements. Further we show how to find trea...

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) technique is used as a performing technique to assess the variability of protein expression in crops, and especially soybean endogenous food allergens, which are a subset of proteins of interest for assessing whether genetically modified (GM) soybean has a different allergenic profile compared to its non-GM counterpart. On top of the biological variabi...

Despite recent progress in "shotgun" peptide separation by integrated liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC/MS), proteome coverage and reproducibility are still limited with this approach and obtaining enough replicate runs for biomarker discovery is a challenge. For these reasons, recent research demonstrates that there is a continuing need for protein separation by two-dimensional g...