Local breeds of livestock are of conservation significance as components of global biodiversity and as reservoirs of genetic variation relevant to the future sustainability of agriculture. One such rare historic breed, the Chillingham cattle of northern England, has a 350-year history of isolation and inbreeding yet shows no diminution of viability or fertility. The Chillingham cattle have not ...

Other comments: Chromosomal location is unknown for the nine markers. The loci containing imperfect repeats (namely Sat4, Sat5 and Sat8) showed the greatest variability in allele size. Mutations leading to such differences in number of repeats probably involve processes other than mispairing slippage, which generates convergent mutations less frequently. Differences in allele size of Nine polym...

Analysis of the highly polymorphic beta1 domains of the HLA class II molecules encoded by the DRB1, DQB1, and DPB1 loci reveals contrasting levels of diversity at the allele and amino acid site levels. Statistics of allele frequency distributions, based on Watterson's homozygosity statistic F, reveal distinct evolutionary patterns for these loci in ethnically diverse samples (26 populations for...

the incidence of pre-lingual hearing loss (hl) is about 1 in 1000 neonates. more than 60% of cases are inherited. non-syndromic hl (nshl) is extremely heterogeneous: more than 130 loci have been identified so far. the most common form of nshl is the autosomal recessive form (arnshl). in this study, a cohort of 36 big arnshl pedigrees with 4 or more patients from 7 provinces of iran was investig...

Voluntary actions typically produce suppression of afferent sensation from the moving body part. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation to delay the output of motor commands from the motor cortex during voluntary movement. We show attenuation of sensation during this delay, in the absence of movement. We conclude that sensory suppression mainly relies on central signals related to the prepar...

background: classification of molar gestation into complete hydatidiform mole (chm) and partial hydatidiform mole (phm) is done according to clinical, ultrasonographic, histologic and genetic criteria. however, making a distinction between chm and phm using histologic criteria alone may be difficult and several studies have shown that misclassifications are frequent, even for experienced pathol...

ustilago hordei (pres) lagerh is a fungus that causes covered smut of barley. this disease reduces yield and is a limiting factor in barley fields of iran. one hundred forty four isolates of u. hordei were collected from 36 regions of khuzestan province during 2009 and the genetic diversity of 100 isolates was evaluated by molecular markers. four out of 14 primers were selected on the basis of ...

Microsatellite enriched library of Hyriopsis cumingii was constructed according to the strong affinity between biotin and streptavidin. One hundred clones with foreign inserts were sequenced and 65 clones were screened for usable microsatellites, of which 36 were deemed unique, of sufficient length (more than 8 repeats) and possessed adequate flanking regions for primer designment. Among 36 pri...

UNLABELLED • PREMISE OF THE STUDY We developed and validated microsatellite primers for Vellozia squamata (Velloziaceae), an endemic species of the cerrado (Brazilian savannas), to investigate the influence of different fire regimes on its genetic diversity and population structure. • METHODS AND RESULTS Using a selective hybridization method, we tested 51 SSR loci using a natural populatio...