The effects of N-acetylcysteine amide (NACA), a free radical scavenger, on cataract development were evaluated in Wistar rat pups. Cataract formation was induced in these animals with an intraperitoneal injection of a glutathione (GSH) synthesis inhibitor, l-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO). To assess whether NACA has a significant impact on BSO-induced cataracts, the rats were divided into f...

This study is inspired by the flapping motion of natural flyers: insects. Many insects have two pairs wings referred as tandem wings. Literature review indicates that effects wing are influenced parameters such stagger (the stream-wise distance between aerodynamic center front and rear airfoil), angle-of-attack flow velocity. As a first stage, this focuses on (St) performance A recent numerical...

Extensive wind tunnel tests are conducted to evaluate surface pressure distribution of a semi span swept wing. The wing section has a laminar flow airfoil similar to NACA 6-series airfoils. The investigations are conducted at various speeds and angles of attack. Surface pressure distribution over the wing upper surface is measured for both chordwise and spanwise sections. Statistical analyses a...

Abstract Continually increasing demand for energy, coupled with the need clean environment, has made it mandatory to fall back on efficient conversion of energy from renewable sources. Wind is one most viable sources energy. A wind turbine blade, shaped as an airfoil a streamlined cross-section, can be graded its aerodynamic efficiency in terms lift-to-drag ratio. Optimal design and analysis bl...

Flow and turbulence models applied to the problem of shock bu et onset are studied. The accuracy of the interactive boundary layer and the thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations solved with recent upwind techniques using similar transport eld equation turbulence models is assessed for standard steady test cases, including conditions having signi cant shock separation. The two methods are found to c...

Abstract The current H-type vertical axis wind turbine (VAWT) airfoils are from horizontal or symmetry that designed at one angle of attack (such as α = 6°) rather than different angles attack. As a consequence, it cannot, to certain extent, increase power efficiency. Therefore, an optimal method VAWT blade in ranges is presented. It can be expressed by airfoil integrated function. Then, optimi...

An algorithm is described that calculates inviscid, laminar, and turbulent flows on triangular meshes with an upwind discretization. A brief description of the base solver and the multigrid implementation is given, followed by results that consist mainly of convergence rates for inviscid and viscous flows over a NACA four-digit airfoil section. The results show that multigrid does accelerate co...

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are one of the most widely used immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory agents. However, their long term and systemic use is associated with adverse drug reactions including posterior subcapsular cataracts as one of its ocular complications. Balanced redox state is crucial for maintenance of lens transparency, and a high content of glutathione (GSH) in the lens is believed...

In the framework of innovative aerodynamics, active airfoils can be developed and exploited based on integration shape memory metal alloys (SMAs), allowing for surface adaptation, i.e., changes in response to operative thermal inputs, depending desired aerodynamic behavior. The purpose thermally activated shape-changing (TASC) airfoils’ improved capabilities is offer benefits terms aircraft per...