The acceleration, by a factor of 2500, of the hydrolysis of endo-5-[4'(5')imidazolyl]bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-endo- 2-yl trans-cinnamate by 0.5 M sodium benzoate in 42 mol% dioxane in water can be explained without resort to operation of a "charge-relay" mechanism similar to that often postulated to account for the enzymatic activity of serine proteases. The degree of ionization of 4-methylimidazole ...

Bacterial multicomponent monooxygenase gene targets in Pseudonocardia dioxanivorans CB1190 were evaluated for their use as biomarkers to identify the potential for 1,4-dioxane biodegradation in pure cultures and environmental samples. Our studies using laboratory pure cultures and industrial activated sludge samples suggest that the presence of genes associated with dioxane monooxygenase, propa...

Two bacterial consortia were enriched from uncontaminated soil by virtue of their ability to grow on 1,4-dioxane (dioxane) as a sole carbon and energy source. Their specific dioxane degradation rates at 30°C, pH = 7 (i.e. 5.7 to 7.1 g-dioxane per g-protein per day) were comparable to those of two dioxane-metabolizing archetypes: Pseudonocardia dioxanivoransCB1190 and Mycobacterium dioxanotrophi...

Soluble di-iron monooxygenases (SDIMOs), especially group-5 SDIMOs (i.e., tetrahydrofuran and propane monooxygenases), are of significant interest due to their potential role in the initiation of 1,4-dioxane (dioxane) degradation. Functional gene array (i.e., GeoChip) analysis of Arctic groundwater exposed to dioxane since 1980s revealed that various dioxane-degrading SDIMO genes were widesprea...

1,4-Dioxane (dioxane), a probable human carcinogen, is used as a solvent stabilizer for 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA) and other chlorinated solvents. Consequently, TCA and its abiotic breakdown product 1,1-dichloroethene (DCE) are common co-contaminants of dioxane in groundwater. The aerobic degradation of dioxane by microorganisms has been demonstrated in laboratory studies, but the potential ef...

With both nonradioactive and "*C-labeled dioxane, the effect of typical inducers and inhibitors of hepatic mixedfunction oxidases on the excretion of p-dioxane-2-one, the major urinary metabolite of dioxane, was studied. Pretreatment of rats with the inducers phénobarbital (PB), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), and, to a much lesser extent, 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) increased the metab olite e...

The water-induced aggregation behavior of rod-coil diblock copolymers based on poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and poly{(+)-2,5-bis[4'-((S)-2-methylbutoxy)phenyl]styrene} (PMBPS), PEO104-b-PMBPS53, was investigated in the common solvent THF and in the selective solvent dioxane. Before adding water, PEO104-b-PMBPS53 stayed as single polymer chains no matter what conformation the PEO block took (i.e.,...

The solute-solvent interactions of L-Cysteine and L-Methionine have been studied pH metrically in various concentrations (0.060.0% v/v) 1, 4-Dioxane-water mixture maintaining an ionic strength of 0.16 mol L-1 at ambient conditions. The protonation constants have been calculated with the computer program MINIQUAD75 and the best fit chemical models are selected based on statistical parameters. Li...

With both nonradioactive and "*C-labeled dioxane, the effect of typical inducers and inhibitors of hepatic mixedfunction oxidases on the excretion of p-dioxane-2-one, the major urinary metabolite of dioxane, was studied. Pretreatment of rats with the inducers phénobarbital (PB), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), and, to a much lesser extent, 3-methylcholanthrene (MC) increased the metab olite e...

By using 1,4-dioxane as the sole source of carbon, a 1,4-dioxane-degrading microorganism was isolated from soil. The fungus, termed strain A, was able to utilize 1,4-dioxane and many kinds of cyclic ethers as the sole source of carbon and was identified as Cordyceps sinensis from its 18S rRNA gene sequence. Ethylene glycol was identified as a degradation product of 1,4-dioxane by the use of deu...