We investigated the impact of crystallographic orientation on the photocatalytic activity of single crystalline WO3 thin films prepared by molecular beam epitaxy on the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB). A clear effect is observed, with (111) being the most reactive surface, followed by (110) and (001). Photoreactivity is directly correlated with the surface free energy determined by densit...

Caspases (cysteine aspartate-specific proteases) are a structurally related group of cysteine proteases that cleave peptide bonds following specific recognition sequences. They play a central role in activating apoptosis of vertebrate cells. To measure apoptosis induced by various stimuli and at an early apoptotic stage, caspases are an ideal target. This is especially the case when apoptotic c...

A fluorescence correlation spectroscopy experiment that combines two-photon excitation and a standing-wave interference pattern is presented. The experimental correlation function can be analyzed using a simple expression involving (1) an exponential decay with time constant tau(f), which reflects diffusion across the interference fringes, and (2) a longer-lived decay with time constant tau(ome...

Fluorescent molecules are essential for basic research in the biological sciences and have numerous practical applications. Herein is described the synthesis and use of a new class of latent fluorophores based on a novel design element, the trimethyl lock, that confers distinct advantages over extant fluorophores and pro-fluorophores. A diacetyl version of the latent fluorophore is stable in a ...

During angiogenesis, endothelial cells react to stimulation with finely tuned signaling responses. The role of calcium-regulated signaling in angiogenesis has not been defined. This study investigated the calcium dependency of endothelial cell proliferation and invasion by using an inhibitor of ligand-stimulated calcium influx, CAI (carboxy-amidotriazole). Incubation with CAI significantly inhi...

Five new aromatic poly(amide-imide)s (5a-e) were synthesized by direct polycondensationreaction of N-(4-carboxy phenyl) trimellitimide (3) with five aromatic diamines (4a-e) by usingtriphenyl phosphite in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and pyridine at solution containingdissolved CaCl2. All of the polymers were obtained in quantitative yields with inherentviscosities between 0.29-0.40 dL/g. The r...

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, [Rb(C(7)H(3)N(2)O(6))(C(7)H(4)N(2)O(6))](n), comprises an Rb(+) cation, a 3,5-dinitro-benzoate anion and a 3,5-dinitro-benzoic acid ligand. The Rb(+) cation is nine-coordinated by O atoms from four 3,5-dinitro-benzoate anions and three neutral 3,5-dinitro-benzoic acid ligands. The metal atom is firstly linked by four bridging carboxyl groups, forming a...

Rice is the second most extensively consumed food ingredient, and its by-products in paddy field include rice husk straw. ash, resulting from burning, considered an environment menace, inducing negative effects on area which it disposed of. In this study, was applied as a silicate source to obtain mesoporous silica material. Characterization techniques confirmed well-ordered mesophase resemblan...

five new aromatic poly(amide-imide)s (5a-e) were synthesized by direct polycondensationreaction of n-(4-carboxy phenyl) trimellitimide (3) with five aromatic diamines (4a-e) by usingtriphenyl phosphite in n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (nmp) and pyridine at solution containingdissolved cacl2. all of the polymers were obtained in quantitative yields with inherentviscosities between 0.29-0.40 dl/g. the r...