1. introduction increasing of extreme events such as flood, hailstorm, drought, thermal waves, dust storm and other dangerous climatological events, especially in local scale, could be the result of the climatic change over the globe. the characteristics and impacts of severe weather are function of place and time of occurrence. severe weathers are usually accompanied by strong winds and heavy ...

Selection criteria that can facilitate grain yield improvement would be considered important plant breeding tools. We assessed the value of spectral refl ectance indices (SRI) as indirect selection tools for grain yield improvement in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic correlation between SRI and grain yield, heritability, response to sele...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the responsiveness of a simple routine assessment of patient index data (RAPID3)-like index that includes only 3 patient self-report measures (physical function, pain and patient global estimate) compared to that of traditional composite indices to assess change in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (Ax-SpA). METHODS Devenir des Spondylarthropathies Indifférenciées Ré...

Based on the local Shannon entropy concept in information theory, a new measure of aromaticity is introduced. This index, which describes the probability of electronic charge distribution between atoms in a given ring, is called Shannon aromaticity (SA). Using B3LYP method and different basis sets (6-31G**, 6-31+G** and 6-311++G**), the SA values of some five-membered heterocycles, C(4)H(4)X, a...

In this work we examine power measures used in the analysis of voting games to quantify power. We consider both weighted and non-weighted voting games giving simple examples of each. The power indices considered are the Shapley-Shubik [8] index, the Banzho index [1], the Penrose [7] index and Coleman [2] indices. We apply them to speci c examples taken from recent Canadian parliaments and to th...

maize improvement for high temperature tolerance requires the reliable assessment of parental inbred lines and their combinations. fifteen maize inbred lines were evaluated during 2007 and 2008 in shushtar city (khuzestan province). the inbred lines were planted at two dates: 6 july, to coincide heat stress with pollination time; and 27 july, as normal planting to avoid high temperature during ...

desertification is specific phenomenon of arid, semi-arid, dry sub humid regions. this phenomenon has a high rate in developing countries such as iran. the main objective of this research was calibration of imdpa model in abuzeidabad (kashan) region with emphasis on land criteria. imdpa model, introduced by iranian researchers to assess desertification intensity in iran. before application, the...

desertification in arid, semi-arid and dry sub-humid regions is a global environmental problem. considering theincreasing importance of desertification and its complexity, the necessity of giving attention to desertification criteria andindices is essential. models and methods such as medalus, unep-fao, and others have been proposed on local andnational scales. in this research, imdpa was selec...

this study was conducted to determine drought tolerance genotypes with superiority in different stressed environments. to screening quantitative indices of drought tolerance, genotypes of safflower (carthamus tinctorius l.) were tested in a complete randomized block design with three replications under two different water regimes (irrigated and rainfed). significant positive correlation was fou...

Supporting efficient access to XML data using XPath [3] continues to be an important research problem [6, 12]. XPath queries are used to specify nodelabeled trees which match portions of the hierarchical XML data. In XPath query evaluation, indices similar to those used in relational database systems – namely, value indices on tags and text values – are first used, together with structural join...