A general simulation procedure is described to validate model fitting algorithms for complex likelihood functions that are utilized in periodic cancer screening trials. Although screening programs have existed for a few decades, there are still many unsolved problems, such as how age or hormone affects the screening sensitivity, the sojourn time in the preclinical state, and the transition prob...

‎in this paper‎, ‎we study spectral element approximation for a constrained‎ ‎optimal control problem in one dimension‎. ‎the equivalent a posteriori error estimators are derived for‎ ‎the control‎, ‎the state and the adjoint state approximation‎. ‎such estimators can be used to‎ ‎construct adaptive spectral elements for the control problems.

The World Wide Web (WWW) has become one of the fastest growing electronic information sources. In the Web, people are engaging in interaction with more and more diverse information than ever before, so that the problem of information quality is more significant in the Web than any other information system, especially considering the rate of growth in the number of documents. Meanwhile new facil...

Material structure of bodies that is usually assumed a-priory in continuum mechanics is constructed on the basis of a balance of a given extensive property on spacetime. Body points are identified with worldlines—the integral lines of the flux of the property. The geometric setting assumes that spacetime has only the structure of a differentiable manifold and no particular frame is assumed to b...

Anorexia nervosa is often a chronic and severe disorder in which morbidity and mortality are high. This article describes the treatments used at The Priory Hospital's eating disorder service. The findings of an audit and follow-up study found that 85 per cent of the anorexic patients were successfully helped to gain weight (up to their normal weight) at a rate of about 1 kg per week. In a follo...

The paper presents an entropy-based approach to segment a corpus into words, when no additional information about the corpus or the language, and no other resources such as a lexicon or grammar are available. To segment the corpus, the algorithm searches for separators, without knowing a priory by which symbols they are constituted. Good results can be obtained with corpora containing "clearly ...

This ancient institution (one of the first, if not the oldest, asylums for lunatics in Europe) was founded in 1247, during the reign of Henry III., by Simon Fitzmary, a sheriff of London, at Bishopsgate, when it was designated the Priory of Bethlehem, At the dissolution of the religious houses, the property was seized by Henry VIII., who in 1547 granted the Priory, with all its revenues, to the...

in the early stages of a construction project, the reliability and accuracy of conceptual cost estimates are major concerns for clients and cost engineers. previous studies applied scoring methods and established common rules or mathematical methods to assess the quality of cost estimates. however, those approaches have some limitations in adapting to real-world projects or require understandin...

Estimation of the symbol rate has important applications in receiver synchronization for symbol time recovery. In this paper the problem is investigated using Smoothen Non-Linear Energy Operator (SNEO). Unlike wavelet based methods in [2], [3], [4] the proposed algorithm is completely blind because it does not require any priory information regarding the modulation type or carrier frequency. Mo...

This paper presents an online sensor fusion algorithm for state estimation of a remotely operated underwater vehicle for aquaculture inspection. The algorithm is based on an Unscented Kalman Filer (UKF) and uses information from several sources including an onboard inertial sensor, an onboard camera combined with line lasers and a priory knowledge about the aquaculture geometry. The performance...