1. The activity of both accessory abducens (Acc Abd) and abducens (Abd) motoneurons (Mns) was recorded in the alert cat during eye retraction and rotational eye movements. Cats were fitted with two scleral coils, one measured rotational eye movements directly and the other retraction by distinguishing the translational component. 2. Acc Abd and Abd Mns were identified following antidromic activ...

e.g. people of South Asian origin have higher rates of cardiovascular disease and stroke than people of European origin, a finding that cannot be explained entirely by differences in conventional cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, elevated blood pressure, diabetes or raised serum cholesterol. These considerations confirm the importance of duplex ultrasound examination: it is accurate,...

Sexual dimorphism requires the integration of positional information in the embryo with the sex determination pathway. Homeotic genes are a major source of positional information responsible for patterning along the anterior-posterior axis in embryonic development, and are likely to play a critical role in sexual dimorphism. Here, we investigate the role of homeotic genes in the sexually dimorp...

Muscular dystrophy (MD) is the most common genetic lethal disorder in children. Mutations in dystrophin trigger the most common form of MD, Duchenne, and its allelic variant Becker MD. Utrophin is the closest homologue and has been shown to compensate for the loss of dystrophin in human disease animal models. However, the structural and functional similarities and differences between utrophin a...

The homeotic genes in Drosophila melanogaster are aligned on the chromosome in the order of the body segments that they affect. The genes affecting the more posterior segments repress the more anterior genes. This posterior dominance rule must be qualified in the case of abdominal-A (abd-A) repression by Abdominal-B (Abd-B). Animals lacking Abd-B show ectopic expression of abd-A in the epidermi...

In the article ''Bariatric Bypass Surgery to Resolve Complicated Childhood Morbid Obesity: Case Report Study'', which appeared in Volume 94, Issue 49 of Medicine, Dr. Elrazek's name was incorrectly presented as Abd Elrazek M. Ali Hussein when it should have read Abd Elrazek Abd Elrazek. The article has since been corrected online.

In Drosophila the Abdominal-B (Abd-B) domain of the bithorax complex specifies the identities of several posterior abdominal segments, comprises homeo-protein-coding regions and cis-regulatory regions, and extends from infra-abdominal-5 (iab-5) to iab-8, inclusive. Mutations that eliminate the Abd-B domain act as late embryonic lethals and result in transformations of posterior abdominal segmen...

BACKGROUND In response to emotional faces, patients with adolescent bipolar disorder (ABD) exhibit increased neural activity in subcortical emotional processing regions (e.g., amygdala, ventral striatum) and variable prefrontal activity. We extend previous research by identifying cortical and subcortical regions showing altered hemodynamic response shapes in ABD relative to healthy controls (HC...

We describe parallel software, PMIRKDC, for solving boundary value ordinary differential equations (BVODEs). This software is based on the package, MIRKDC, which employs monoimplicit Runge-Kutta schemes within a defect control algorithm. The primary computational costs involve the treatment of large, almost block diagonal (ABD) linear systems. The most significant feature of PMIRKDC is the repl...