BACKGROUND Because of established links between entrenched poverty and risk of HIV infection, there have long been warnings that HIV/AIDS will disproportionately affect Aboriginal people in Canada. We compared HIV incidence rates among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal injection drug users (IDUs) in Vancouver and studied factors associated with HIV seroconversion among Aboriginal participants. ME...

BACKGROUND Induction of labour (IOL) has become more common among many populations, but the trends and drivers of IOL in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia are not known. This study investigated trends in IOL and associated factors among NT Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal mothers between 2001 and 2012. METHODS A retrospective analysis of all NT resident women who birthed in the NT between...

OBJECTIVE Canada's Aboriginal population is vulnerable to food insecurity and increasingly lives off-reserve. The Canadian Community Health Survey, Cycle 2.2 Nutrition, was used to compare the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of food insecurity between non-Aboriginal and off-reserve Aboriginal households. DESIGN Food insecurity status was based on Health Canada's revised interpretat...

OBJECTIVE To determine possible differences in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) between aboriginal and non-aboriginal people in the Saskatoon Health District. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This was a prospective survey of all women admitted for childbirth to the Saskatoon Royal University Hospital between January and July 1998. We compared prevalence rates, risk factors, and outcomes of GDM ...

This article contributes to the nascent literature on the health of urban Aboriginal people by comparing the health status and determinants of health of the urban Aboriginal and urban non-Aboriginal population in Canada. Data for the research were taken from the 2001 Aboriginal Peoples Survey (APS) and the 2000–2001 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) Cycle 1.1. Framed within a population h...

OBJECTIVES Large disparities exist between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians in both obesity and socio-economic status (SES). The purpose of this paper was to assess associations between obesity and three indicators of SES - employment, education and income - in conjunction with demographic and lifestyle factors. METHODS Using the nationally-representative Canadian Community Health Surv...

BACKGROUND Aboriginal Australians experience poorer outcomes from cancer compared to the non-Aboriginal population. Some progress has been made in understanding Aboriginal Australians' perspectives about cancer and their experiences with cancer services. However, little is known of cancer service providers' (CSPs) thoughts and perceptions regarding Aboriginal patients and their experiences prov...

OBJECTIVE To compare prostate cancer mortality for Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal men and to describe prostate cancer treatments received by Aboriginal men. PATIENTS AND METHODS We analysed cancer registry records for all men diagnosed with prostate cancer in New South Wales (NSW) in 2001-2007 linked to hospital inpatient episodes and deaths. More detailed information on androgen-deprivation t...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to characterise the factors relating to participation in a postal follow-up study in Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal individuals, given the need to quantify potential biases from loss to follow-up and the lack of evidence regarding postal surveys among Aboriginal people. METHODS The first 100,000 participants from the Sax Institute's 45 and Up Study, a large scale co...

OBJECTIVE To compare the current state of health research on Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal youth in Canada. DESIGN A search of published academic literature on Canadian Aboriginal youth health, including a comprehensive review of both non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal youth research, was conducted using MEDLINE and summarized. METHODOLOGY A MEDLINE search was conducted for articles published ov...