The upper thermal tolerance (CT(max)) of beachfleas Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas) collected from a number of different locations in Iceland was determined. Differences were recorded between field populations associated with thermal springs and those from non-thermal sites. A number of reciprocal acclimation experiments (where animals from thermal and non-thermal sites were acclimated to the me...

Securing the welfare and maximising lice removal efficacy of ~60 million cleaner fish used each year on salmonid farms is essential to develop a productive ethical industry with low salmon Lepeophtheirus salmonis levels. We tested whether ballan wrasse Labrus bergylta consumption differed depending upon they were acclimatised in cages either no Atlantic Salmo salar , without lice, or lice-infes...

BACKGROUND A discrete time, stochastic, compartmental model simulating the spread of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae within a batch of industrially raised pigs was developed to understand infection dynamics and to assess the impact of a range of husbandry practices. A 'disease severity' index was calculated based on the ratio between the cumulative numbers of acutely and chronically diseased and infec...

temperature is of crucial importance to ectotherms, particularly for fish whose branchial respiration forces body temperature to follow that of the habitat. During an annual cycle, fish from temperate zones cope with a wide thermal range. To offset these thermal shifts, many species modify their biochemical and physiological properties (Hazel and Prosser, 1974). A common response in cold-active...

RATIONALE The relationship between cigarette smoking and acute mountain sickness (AMS) is not clear. OBJECTIVE To assess AMS risk and altitude acclimatisation in relation to smoking. METHODS 200 healthy non-smokers and 182 cigarette smokers were recruited from Han lowland workers. These were men without prior altitude exposure, matched for age, health status and occupation, who were transpo...

The sensitivity and specificity of overnight recording of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) in routine clinical practice was evaluated in 41 subjects who were being investigated for possible sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome. SaO2 was measured with an ear probe oximeter (Biox IIa) and chart recorder during an "acclimatisation" night immediately before a detailed polysomnographic study. The record...

The hypothesis that supplemental oxygen could improve the quality of sleep was tested in 23 consecutive patients (14 male, nine female; age 42-74 years) with chronic obstructive lung disease (mean (SD) FEV1 0.81 (0.32) litre, FEV1/FVC 37% (12%). Patients breathed compressed air or supplemental oxygen via nasal cannulas on consecutive nights in a randomised, double blind, crossover trial. Qualit...