Mycobacterium haemophilum was isolated from wrist and ankle aspirates as the organism responsible for tenosynovitis in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Mycobacterium isolates recovered from synovial fluid were identified as hemin requiring by their failure to grow on subculture unless the medium was supplemented with hemin. M. haemophilum is of low virulence and rarely associ...

We report a case of fungemia and disseminated disease caused by a urease-negative strain of Cryptococcus neoformans in a patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Except for failure to hydrolyze urea, the microbiological characteristics of the isolate were typical of C. neoformans. Laboratory specialists should be aware of the occurrence of atypical strains of C. neoformans, particu...

Please cite this paper as: Alavi-Naini R. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Status in Islamic Countries. Int J High Risk Behav Addict. 2012; 1(3): 90-1. DOI: 10.5812/ijhrba.7578 Implication for health policy/practice/research/medical education: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome is a social-health problem all over the world, which has a soaring rate of prevalence. This article emphasize on t...

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This review examines the interaction of steroid hormones, glucocorticoids and estrogen, and gp120, a possible causal agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome-related dementia complex. The first part of the review examines the data and mechanisms by which gp120 may cause neurotoxicity and by which these steroid hormones effect cell death in general. The second part of the review summarizes r...