BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking is one of the major risk factors for chronic diseases and results in huge economic and social costs. The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of smoking. Moreover, we evaluated the association between selected socioeconomic factors and tobacco smoking among economically active individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study population covered 2254 economicall...

OBJECTIVES The study objective was to evaluate an association between selected work-related and socio-economic factors and tobacco smoking among economically active individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted among randomly selected residents of the city of Łódź (n = 598) aged 25-64 years. The smoking status was determined based on questionnaire data. Logistic regression models...

Active cigarette smoking is common in adult asthmatic patients and prevalence rates are similar to the general population. Current smoking rates among asthmatic patients range from 17% to 35% [1–7]. The highest rates are found in adults presenting to hospital emergency departments with acute asthma [3]. An additional number of adult asthmatics are former smokers with prevalence rates ranging fr...

The effect of smoking and physical activity on active and disabled life expectancy was estimated using data from the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (EPESE). Population-based samples of persons aged > or = 65 years from the East Boston, Massachusetts, New Haven, Connecticut, and Iowa sites of the EPESE were assessed at baseline between 1981 and 1983 and followed...

Recent studies suggest that both active and passive smokers have an increased risk of breast cancer compared with women who have never been either actively or passively exposed. Data on lifetime active and passive smoking were collected in 1999-2000 from 468 predominantly premenopausal breast cancer patients diagnosed by age 50 years and 1,093 controls who had previously participated in a Germa...

Background: The present systematic review and meta-analysis is designed in order to assess the association between passive and active smoking and lipid profile of children and adolescents. Materials and Methods:  An extensive search was done in databases of Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL until October 2017. Two independent researchers screened articles and in the next step, ...

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a cause of chronic gastritis and maybe responsible for functional dyspepsia in a subset of patients. Many risk factors, such as alcohol consumption and smoking, may contribute to the colonization and infection of H. pylori in humans. However, studies on the relationship between H. pylori infection and drinking or smoking have produced conflicting re...

Sir-The further letter of Wald and his colleagues (1991) does nothing to affect my view (Lee, 1991) and that of Darby and Pike (1988) that the increase in lung cancer risk observed epidemiologically in non-smokers is too large, viewed in the light of their relatively small exposure to tobacco smoke constituents. Wald and colleagues totally ignore my arguments that cotinine levels may seriously ...

Previous research has not compared implicit affective responses to smoking-related stimuli in occasional (i.e., those who smoke less than one cigarette per day) and daily smokers (i.e., those who smoke at least once per day). In addition to assessing their motivations for smoking, implicit affective responses were measured using the Affect Misattribution Procedure (AMP) in occasional (n=19) and...