Fifty-three patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) were included in this study (25 females & 28 males) and followed-up from October 2003 till October 2005 included for the evidence of acute transformation. Twenty-one patients (39.6%) transformed to acute phase , 16 patients(76.1%) of them transformed during the first 4 years of diagnosis. Fifteen patients (71.4 %) ) transformed to acute ...

PURPOSE To report a case of bilateral serous maculopathy as an initial sign of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in children. METHODS/RESULTS A 13-year-old girl, who presented with symptoms of visual blurring, was found to have a bilateral serous maculopathy. Haematological abnormalities (thrombocytopenia with a mild lymphocytosis) prompted further investigation. A bone marrow aspirate revealed t...

Bickerstaff Brainstem Encephalitis (BBE) is a post-infectious immune disorder. It is rare, yet the most severe variant of Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) in terms of initial presentation. Moreover, the coexistence of BBE and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) is distinctly uncommon. We report a case of a patient with a background history of Precursor B cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (pre B A...

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) presenting with hypercalcaemia and lytic bone lesions is a rare event in children unlike adults. We report a 15-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and hypercalcaemia. He had normal peripheral blood count and the peripheral smear did not show blast. The bone marrow examination revealed Pre B ALL phenotype with aberrant expression of CD13. The skel...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether the seeming excess of childhood leukaemia and lymphoma identified in Seascale, Cumbria, UK, remains unusual when put into a wider context. DESIGN Analysis of cancer incidence by geographical area. SETTING The north of England including the Northern and North Western Regional Health Authority regions and the Southport and South Sefton districts of the Mersey Re...

Acute renal failure is a well-recognized complication of acute leukaemias. Howevcr, serious renal failure caused by leukaemic infiltration as a primary manifestation is unusual. Here we report two patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia presenting with acute renal failure due to leukaemic infiltration. The first patient died before the administration of specific therapy for leukaemia, where...

This Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) describes the linkages between perturbation of normal topoisomerase II enzyme function and infant leukaemia. Infant leukaemia is a rare haematological disease (1 in 106 newborns, accounting for 10% all childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemias) developmental origin, manifesting soon after birth (< 1 year old). The present AOP how interference stressors with ...

Occurrences of second malignancies in hairy cell leukaemia are well recognised. Most of these malignancies are either solid tumours or lymphoproliferative disorders. The association of myeloproliferative disorders with hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) is very rare. This report describes a case of a patient with HCL who after remaining in remission developed Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic my...

Secondary acute leukaemia (s-ALL) is a destructive complication in patients who have been previously treated for other cancer. Secondary acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is rarely reported whereas secondary acute myeloid leukaemia is much more common. Chromosomal 11q23 abnormality, frequently detected in therapy-related acute myeloid leukaemia, is the most common cytogenetic alteration in secondar...

Leukaemia-propagating cells are more frequent in high-risk acute B lymphoblastic leukaemia than in many malignancies that follow a hierarchical cancer stem cell model. It is unclear whether this characteristic can be more universally applied to patients from non-'high-risk' sub-groups and across a broad range of cellular immunophenotypes. Here, we demonstrate in a wide range of primary patient ...